关键词: 中美农产品贸易, RCA指数, TC指数, 竞争优势

Abstract: In recent years, Sino-US agricultural trade has shown a significant growth trend. The trade intensity in agricultural products between two countries has been continuously increasing, and the trade dependence of two countries has also become stronger. By comparing the advantage of export agricultural products in Sino-US agricultural trade, this paper used methods of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index, trade competitive (TC) index to analyze the competitive advantage of agricultural exports. The results showed that: The United States′ export advantage agricultural products were mainly the land-intensive agricultural products and the resource-intensive agricultural products, such as soybean, pork and corn. The most typical agricultural product  of USA was the soybean, whose RCA index stayed above 5.0 and TC index stayed above 0.9 for a long time. Chinas export advantage agricultural products were mainly the labor-intensive agricultural products with aquatic products, fruit and vegetable products as the main categories. In 2017, the RCA index of aquatic products, fruit and vegetable products in China were 3.67 and 2.48, respectively, and the TC index were 0.94 and 0.75, respectively. Based on the above analysis, it was suggested to establish and improve Chinas agricultural products trade promotion system and support system, make full use of Chinas trade comparative advantage, improve the quality of agricultural labor force, and extensively seek trade partners to reduce import dependence.

Key words: Sino-US agricultural trade, RCA index, TC index, competitive advantage