关键词: miRNAs, 干旱胁迫, 靶基因, 响应机制

Abstract: Drought is a common and recurring climate feature that seriously affects crop production. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small molecular non-coding RNAs with the length of 18~24 nt. Transcribed miRNAs regulate gene expression and participate in plant growth and development. This paper focused on the discovery, synthesis and mechanism of miRNAs, the species and target genes of miRNAs in response to drought stress, and the mechanism of miRNAs in response to drought stress. It was pointed out that microRNAs were species-dependent and tissue-specific in plant response to drought stress, and were affected by drought stress conditions. It was also found that the current plant microRNAs in drought stress response of the study was the mechanism of action of miRNAs in drought stress and its target gene regulatory network was unclear. The research prospects for the future, such as exploring miRNAs regulate gene regulation of cis component characteristics, and the target genes of plant drought stress response function and network of the interaction between the key factors, and the construction of plant drought resistance microRNAs repository was discussed, in order to promote the application of miRNAs in  plant resistance to drought stress.

Key words: miRNAs, drought stress, target gene, response mechanism