响应面法优化-超声辅助提取黄芪多糖工艺

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0090

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为优化超声辅助提取黄芪多糖工艺，研究了超声功率、温度、液固比、提取时间对黄芪多糖得率的影响。结果表明，优化后的最佳工艺条件为：超声功率80 W，温度55 ℃，液固比50 mL·g^-1，提取时间20 min。在此条件下，黄芪多糖得率为5.40%。进一步在单因素试验基础上，采用Design-Expert 8.0.6 Trial分析因素间交互作用对黄芪多糖得率的影响，结果表明，超声功率与温度和提取时间交互作用不显著；温度与液固比和提取时间交互作用显著。试验模型适合度显著（F=31.99），试验操作可靠（CV=2.53%），黄芪多糖得率的实测值与预测值间拟合度较好（R²=0.938 8）。该方法工艺简单、节能环保、易于控制，可推广应用于黄芪多糖的生产实践。

关键词: 响应面法优化, 超声辅助提取, 黄芪多糖

Abstract:

To optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of astragalus polysaccharide， the influences of ultrasonic power， temperature， liquid-solid ratio and extraction time on the yield of astragalus polysaccharides were studied. The results showed that the optimal conditions after optimization were ultrasonic power 80 W， temperature 55 ℃， liquid-solid ratio 50 mL·g^-1 and extraction time 20 min， respectively. Using this optimal conditions， the yield of astragalus polysaccharides was 5.40%. Based on the single factor experiment， the interactions among factors on yield of astragalus polysaccharides were analyzed by Design-Expert 8.0.6 Trial method. The results showed that the effect was not significant between ultrasonic power and temperature/extraction time， while the effects were significant between temperature and liquid-solid ratio/extraction time. The experimental model had significant fit （F=31.99）， the experimental operation was reliable （CV=2.53%）， and the fit degree between measured value and predicted value was good （R²=0.938 8）. The optimum extraction method had the advantages of simple， energy saving， environmental protection and easy to control， so it could be used for the production and utilization of astragalus polysaccharides.

Key words: optimization by response surface methodology, ultrasonic?assisted extraction, astragalus polysaccharides

中图分类号:

S377

魏增云, 董芳娟, 薄一览. 响应面法优化-超声辅助提取黄芪多糖工艺[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(4): 203-209.

Zengyun WEI, Fangjuan DONG, Yilan BO. Optimization of Ultrasonic⁃assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Astragalus by Response Surface Methodology[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(4): 203-209.

图/表 5

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因素Factor	水平Level
因素Factor	-1	0	1
超声功率Ultrasonic power/W	60	80	100
温度Temperature/℃	45	55	65
液固比Ratio of liquid to material/（mL·g^-1）	40	50	60
提取时间Extraction time/min	10	20	30

因素Factor	水平Level
因素Factor	-1	0	1
超声功率Ultrasonic power/W	60	80	100
温度Temperature/℃	45	55	65
液固比Ratio of liquid to material/（mL·g^-1）	40	50	60
提取时间Extraction time/min	10	20	30

超声功率 Ultrasonic power/W	多糖得率 Yield/%	温度 Temperature/℃	多糖得率 Yield/%	液固比 Liquid-solid ratio/ （mL·g^-1）	多糖得率 Yield/%	提取时间 Time/min	多糖得率 Yield/%	提取次数 Extraction times	多糖得率 Yield/%
20	2.471±0.1 e	35	4.223±0.1 c	20	3.870±0.2 d	10	4.576±0.2 b	1	3.996±0.2 b
40	3.794±0.2 d	45	4.420±0.2 c	30	4.371±0.1 c	20	4.712±0.1 a	2	5.026±0.2 a
60	4.377±0.1 b	55	5.452±0.1 a	40	4.624±0.2 b	30	4.625±0.2 a	3	5.111±0.1 a
80	4.646±0.2 a	65	4.935±0.2 b	50	4.829±0.2 a	40	4.051±0.3 c
100	4.023±0.2 c	75	4.491±0.2 c	60	4.295±0.2 c	50	4.029±0.1 c
F值F value	15.75		50.54		25.34		13.10		15.92
P 值P value	0.004 1		0.000 1		0.001 0		0.006 8		0.016 3

超声功率 Ultrasonic power/W	多糖得率 Yield/%	温度 Temperature/℃	多糖得率 Yield/%	液固比 Liquid-solid ratio/ （mL·g^-1）	多糖得率 Yield/%	提取时间 Time/min	多糖得率 Yield/%	提取次数 Extraction times	多糖得率 Yield/%
20	2.471±0.1 e	35	4.223±0.1 c	20	3.870±0.2 d	10	4.576±0.2 b	1	3.996±0.2 b
40	3.794±0.2 d	45	4.420±0.2 c	30	4.371±0.1 c	20	4.712±0.1 a	2	5.026±0.2 a
60	4.377±0.1 b	55	5.452±0.1 a	40	4.624±0.2 b	30	4.625±0.2 a	3	5.111±0.1 a
80	4.646±0.2 a	65	4.935±0.2 b	50	4.829±0.2 a	40	4.051±0.3 c
100	4.023±0.2 c	75	4.491±0.2 c	60	4.295±0.2 c	50	4.029±0.1 c
F值F value	15.75		50.54		25.34		13.10		15.92
P 值P value	0.004 1		0.000 1		0.001 0		0.006 8		0.016 3

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of square	自由度 Degree of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value	P值 P value
模型Model	3.170	14	0.230	15.35	<0.000 1
A	0.290	1	0.290	19.37	0.000 6
B	0.076	1	0.076	5.15	0.039 6
C	0.022	1	0.022	1.46	0.247 3
D	3.367×10^-3	1	3.367×10^-3	0.23	0.640 3
AB	0.024	1	0.024	1.64	0.221 3
AC	2.862×10^-3	1	2.862×10^-3	0.19	0.666 3
AD	5.776×10^-3	1	5.776×10^-3	0.39	0.541 6
BC	6.003×10^-4	1	6.003×10^-4	0.04	0.843 1
BD	6.806×10^-3	1	6.806×10^-3	0.46	0.508 1
CD	3.600×10^-3	1	3.600×10^-3	0.24	0.629 0
A²	1.430	1	1.430	96.61	<0.000 1
B²	0.690	1	0.690	46.69	< 0.000 1
C²	1.150	1	1.150	77.93	< 0.000 1
D²	0.970	1	0.970	65.47	< 0.000 1
残差Residual	0.210	14	0.015
失拟项Lack of fit	0.200	10	0.020	31.99	0.002 2
纯误差Pure error	2.551×10^-3	4	6.378×10^-4
总误差Total error	3.380	28