Abstract:

In order to screen mutants of Abelmoschus manihot with good traits, and find the best dose of radiation, an energy of 1.25Mev with 4 kinds of dose were injected into Abelmoschus manihot seeds and pollen: 4.6×1010 H+/cm2（100C,1C= 4.6 ×108 protons/cm2）, 9.2×1010 H+/cm2(200C), 2.3×1011 H+/cm2(500C), 4.6×1011 H+/cm2(1 000C). The results showed that there were no significant effects on germination rate of proton beam radiation on golden sunflower. But there were different degrees of dwarfing effect on plant height, among which, the diferences between the treatments of 200C and 1 000C with the contrast group were distiguished. Through statistic analysis on average number of blossoming flower, we found radiation could reduce the number of blossoming flower. The differences between 1 000C dose group with the contrast were significant. Radiation could reduce the pollen pollination rate, but had no significant effect on fruit setting rate. The result of RAPD analysis indicated that the genetic distances of radiation seeds in 100C,200C,1 000C treatment groups increased along with the increase of radiation dose. But there appeared different changes in 500C group. The variation trend of radiation pollen was that the genetic distance decreased along with the increase of radiation dose. Proton beam radiation could cause veriation, which provided a new direction for selective breeding of superior golden sunflower varieties.

Key words: Abelmoschus manihot, proton beam radiation, biological effect, RAPD analysis

摘要：

为筛选金花葵优良性状突变体并筛选辐射的最佳剂量,用能量为1.25 MeV,4.6×1010 H+/cm2（100C,其中1C= 4.6 ×108 protons/cm2）、9.2×1010 H+/cm2（200C）、2.3×1011 H+/cm2（500C）、4.6×1011 H+/cm2（1 000C）四种剂量对金花葵（Abelmoschus manihot）的种子和花粉进行注入。结果表明,质子束辐射金花葵种子对其萌发率无显著性影响,而对金花葵株高有不同程度的降低和矮化作用,其中200C、1 000C处理组与对照组有显著性差异。对花期平均开花数进行统计分析,辐射使金花葵开花数减少,剂量为1 000C组与对照的差异最显著。辐射过的花粉授粉成功率有所降低,但对结实率无明显影响。RAPD分析结果表明,对辐射种子在100C、200C、1 000C组其遗传距离随辐射剂量增加而增加,500C组出现不同的变化。辐射花粉其变化趋势是随剂量增加,遗传距离减小。质子束辐射能引起变异,为金花葵优良品种的选育提供新的方向。

关键词: 金花葵, 质子束辐射, RAPD分析, 生物学效应