Abstract: Using genetic engineering technology to express and obtain high-yield recombinant proteins plays an important role in the development of modern biology and application. Studies have found that heterologous expression of original genes was very difficult. After the expression system was modified, such as optimizing of promoter, signal peptide and increasing gene copies, the quantity of recombinant protein expression was still very low. Therefore, exploring new way to increase the gene expression is a hot research topic. In order to get more effective strategies to increase recombinant protein expression level,  this article comprehensively narrated the effected on the translation rate of protein based on the translation initiation area, codon preferences, mRNA secondary structure and SD-like sequence.

Key words:
translation rate, recombinant protein, expression quantity

摘要： 利用基因工程技术表达并获得高产量的重组蛋白在现代生物学发展与生产应用中起着重要的作用。研究发现，有些原始基因异源表达非常困难，经过改造表达系统后，如选择最优的启动子、信号肽和提高基因拷贝数等，重组蛋白的表达量依旧很低。因此，从基因本身序列出发，探寻提高表达量的途径也一直是研究热点。综述了翻译起始区、密码子偏好性、mRNA的二级结构和类SD序列方面对蛋白质翻译速率的影响，为提高重组蛋白表达量提供更有效的策略。

关键词: 翻译速率, 重组蛋白, 表达量