Abstract: In order to study the effects of tropical cyclones on mussel cultivation facilities in Shengsi country Ma’an archipelago and provide basic data for the reasonable distribution of Shengsi mussel culture location, this paper used some data to analyze the effects of tropical cyclones on the changes of the marine environment field, location and area of Shengsi mussel culture. The data contained the track data of tropical cyclones in northwest pacific from 2000 to 2018, mussel culture area and yield data, the environmental elements in marine culture area measured data and remote sensing data, and mussel culture area status from remote sensing images. Based on  the statistical characteristics of historical tropical cyclone movement path and wind condition, the results of multi-year variation of mussel culture location in Ma’an archipelago, the types of sediment and the characteristics of geographical islands distribution in Ma’an archipelago, the suggestions for mussel culture location selection in Ma’an archipelago were put forward. The results showed that: a total of 38 tropical cyclones entered the affected area during 2000 to 2018. The annual average number of tropical cyclones was about 2, and high frequency of tropical cyclones were found in July to September, with frequency peaking in August. The paths of tropical cyclones could be divided into 2 types, 9 tropical cyclones of the first type path mainly were server tropical cyclones intensity and 29 tropical cyclones of the second type path mainly were tropical storm or typhoon intensity. The wind in the direction of south-southeast-eastsouth was rare throughout all the years, but the northwest-northeast north wind reached 9 to 11 grade produced by tropical cyclones sometimes happended in August. The mussel culture area in Shengsi was damaged in a large area under the impact of strong northeastward wind and rapid current caused by Muifa in the year 2011. Since 2011, the Shengsi mussel culture area had experienced three times of recovery and expansion, by now the main culture area tended to be saturated. It was proposed that a new mussel culture area could be established in the west of Huaniao island, Dongkushan island, Qiuzishan island, Zhuzhushan island and Sanhengshan island on arc-islands chain.

Key words: mussel, raft culture, typhoon, Maan archipelago, culture location selection

摘要： 为深入认识热带气旋对嵊泗马鞍列岛贻贝养殖设施的影响，并为嵊泗贻贝养殖区位合理分布等提供基础资料，利用2000—2018年间的西北太平洋热带气旋资料、贻贝养殖面积和产量数据、环境要素的海洋实测数据和遥感数据、贻贝养殖区遥感影像数据，分析了热带气旋对嵊泗贻贝养殖海洋环境场、养殖区位及面积的变化影响，结合研究海域历史热带气旋移动路径和风场统计特征、马鞍列岛贻贝养殖区位多年变化结果、马鞍列岛底质类型和岛屿地理分布特点，提出了马鞍列岛贻贝养殖区位选择的建议。结果表明：2000—2018年间共有38个热带气旋进入影响海域范围，年均热带气旋数约有2个，热带气旋活动主要集中在7—9月，8月累积数量最多。热带气旋移动路径可分2个类型，类型Ⅰ热带气旋9个，以强台风级强度为主；类型Ⅱ热带气旋29个，分为两组，分别以热带风暴和台风级强度为主。海域全年的南东南—东东南向大风稀少，8月期间受热带气旋活动常出现9~11级西西北—北东北向大风。在“梅花”造成的东北向大风和急流海况下，2011年嵊泗贻贝养殖区出现大面积变形损毁。自2011年后，嵊泗贻贝养殖区面积经历了3次恢复与扩增，主养殖区趋于饱和，可在花鸟岛、东库山岛、求子山岛、柱住山岛和三横山岛弧岛链西面海域处尝试开辟新的贻贝养殖区。

关键词: 贻贝, 浮筏养殖, 台风, 马鞍列岛, 养殖区位