关键词: 骨骼肌；肌肉发生；表观遗传；转录调控

Abstract:

Skeletal muscles compose about 50% of the bodys masses and consider as the largest organ in the body. Skeletal muscle myogenesis is a highly controlled process. During myogenesis, quiescent muscle stem cells are activated and proliferated response to environmental stress, and then differentiated muscle fiber. The specification, proliferation and termination of skeletal muscle cell are coordinated by expression of different transcriptional factors, including Pax3/Pax7, MyoD, Myf5, Myogenin and MRF4, etc. Epigenetics can be defined as heritable changes in gene function that occur without primary DNA sequence modification. More and more studies indicated that epigenetic modifications of transcriptional factors control a set of genes expression, which further define myogenesis. This review summarized the mechanism of the “epigenetic network”, including histone tails modification, DNA methylation and miRNA in regulating myogenesis.

Key words: skeletal muscle, myogenesis, epigenetic, transcriptional regulation