关键词: 海洋渔业, 碳平衡, 碳排放, 碳汇, 产业结构, 发展对策

Abstract: Low carbon is one of the important characteristics of marine ecological civilization construction, carbon balance of marine fisheries is an effective way to change the traditional mode of developing ocean economy, and to promote the healthy development of marine ecosystem. The paper defined and analyzed the contents of the carbon emissions from marine capture fisheries and carbon sinks of marine shellfish and algae farming, and its calculation methods, then integrated these 2 angles to explore carbon balance status of marine fisheries in China using the statistics data in 2010 and 2014. The regional characteristics analysis showed that marine fisheries of related coastal provinces were carbon deficit at this stage, and Zhejiang Province took the largest scale in carbon deficit. Fitting the long-term trend of marine fisheries carbon balance status from 2007 to 2014, the results indicated that carbon deficit of marine fisheries was shrinking by the size of average annual 1.58×104 t. Finally, the paper put forward suggestions as upgrading fishing equipment, applying energy saving products, adjusting the structure of marine capture fisheries, and improving marine shellfish and algae farming carbon sinks to realize the carbon balance of marine fisheries as soon as possible.

Key words: marine fisheries, carbon balance, carbon emission, carbon sinks, industry structure, development strategy