关键词: 土壤理化特征, 物种多样性, 乌兰布和沙漠

Abstract: Using field survey and sampling methods, this paper selected 4 species diversity measuring indexes, and analyzed the typical shrub community diversity, soil nutrient characteristics, and the correlation among them in northeastern Ulanbuh Desert. The results showed that evenness index (E) of Ceratoides latens (J. F. Gmel.) Reveal et Holmgren community, Sarcozygium xanthoxylon Bunge community, Tetraena mongolica Maxim. community and Artemisia ordosica community were greater than that of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. community, and significant difference was found in all with Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. community. The richness index (R) of Tetraena mongolica Maxim. was the highest. Shannon-Wiener diversity index H and Simpson diversity index (D) was consistent with D variation. Tetraena mongolica Maxim. community>Ceratoides latens (J. F. Gmel.) Reveal et Holmgren community>Sarcozygium xanthoxylon Bunge community>Artemisia ordosica community>Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. community. The key factors limitting the diversity of Ceratoides latens (J. F. Gmel.) Reveal et Holmgren community were the soil contents of total potassium, available potassium, available nitrogen, and organic matter. The key factors limitting the diversity of Sarcozygium xanthoxylon Bunge community were the contents of soil available phosphorus, available nitrogen, and organic matter. The key factors limitting the diversity of Tetraena mongolica Maxim. community were the contents of soil total salt, available phosphorus, available potassium, available nitrogen, organic matter. The key factors limitting the diversity of Artemisia ordosica community were the contents of available phosphorus, available nitrogen, organic matter. The key factors limitting the diversity of Nitraria tangutorum Bobr. community were the contents of soil total salt content, available phosphorus, and organic matter. The richness index （R） was mainly affected by the contents of soil available phosphorus, and organic matter. The evenness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and Simpson diversity index (D) were mainly affected by the content of soil organic matter.

Key words: soil nutrient, species diversity of species, Ulan Buh desert