关键词: 猕猴桃品种, 节肢动物群落, 群落特征, 生态位

Abstract: Insect pest problem is increasingly serious with the continuous expansion of kiwifruit planting scale. To explore pest ecological regulation theory of different kiwifruit varieties, this paper chosed kiwifruit orchards in Guanzhong Region of Shaanxi Province mainly planting Hongyang, Haiwode, and Cuixiang 3 varieties; systematically investigated arthropod species and quantity of each kiwifruit variety orchards using 5 random points sampling method, net method, trap method and light trap method; and analyzed the community richness, diversity, evenness and dominance degree and two-dimensional ecological niches of main class groups. Results showed that the dominant pests in Hongyang kiwifruit orchard were Carabidae and Latridiidae, and dominance index were 0.309 4 and 0.224 5, respectively. While, that in Haiwode and Cuixiang kiwifruit orchards were both Latridiidae, and dominance index were 0.471 0 and 0.550 9, separately. There was no significant difference in arthropods community stability among 3 kiwifruit varieties. In pests-natural enemies system, the space-time niches overlap value of Chrysopidae and Aphididae in Hongyan kiwifruit orchard was higher, reaching 0.90. The niches overlap value of Eulophidae and Coccidae/Aphididae in Haiwode kiwifruit orchard were higher, reaching 0.84 and 0.79, separately. While, the niches overlap values of Chrysopidae and Aphididae were higher, reaching 0.91. That of Coccinellidae and Coccidae/Aphididae were also higher, reaching 0.82 and 0.75, separately in Cuixiang kiwifruit orchard. The results showed that there were differences in arthropod community structure and pest-natural enimals system in kiwifruit orchard with different kiwifruit varieties. Therefore, we can differentially use natural enemies to control insect pests. The results provided theoretical basis for protect orchard ecosystem and improve kiwifruit yield and quality.

Key words: kiwifruit variety, arthropod community, community characteristics, niches