关键词: 软刺裸鲤, 齐口裂腹鱼, 元素含量, 低氧环境, 适应

Abstract: Gymnocypris dobula (GD) and Schizothorax prenanti (SP) are 2 types of mountain carps. The former grows at high altitude (>4 500 m) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau with low oxygen level; and the latter in the upper  Yangtze River at the lower altitudes (<1 000 m). In order to investigate the trace element differences inside fish body grown in differet altitude, this paper measured the macroelements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Fe and Zn) and microelements (V, Cr, Mn, As, Se, Sr, Sb and Ba) in muscle, vertebrae and skull tissues of both GD and SP, and conducted comparison and analysis on the contents of these elements. Results showed that significant differences were only existed in the Se and Sb contents between GD and SP muscles, and only As contents showed significant differences in the vertebrae of these 2 schizothoracine fishes. The extremely high concentrations of Se and Sb elements in GD muscle, and extremely high concentrations of As element in GD vertebra might relate to adapting the high altitude and low oxygen environment. This paper measured and analyzed for the first time in China the macroelement and microelemrnt in muscle and bone of schizothoracine fishes from different altitudes using microwave digestion methods; and effectively explored the elements differences of these 2 kinds of fishes. Therefore, the paper had provided basis for analyzing the physiological mechanism of these 2 fishes in adpting to low oxygen environment through tissue element analysis.

Key words: Gymnocypris doubula, Schizothorax prenanti, element concentration, hypoxia environment, adaptation