The rapid development of Chinas seed industry technology has played a vital role in ensuring Chinas food security. Globalization is an inevitable trend of world economic development. The proposal of the “Belt and Road” initiative has provided unprecedented development opportunities for Chinas seed industry science and technology cooperation with countries along the “Belt and Road”. The seed industry science and technology cooperation can push forward a immense influence on the improvement of seed industry technology and food security in these countries. It has become the core support of China’s agricultural science and technology cooperation. This paper reviewed the research and development status of Chinas seed industry technology and dissected the existed main problems in international cooperation of Chinas seed industry technology. In order to strengthen international cooperation of Chinas seed industry technology, this paper suggested to formulate medium-and long-term cooperation plan based on the need of target countries, improve the policies and procedures of import and export of germplasm resources, and strengthen the cooperation platforms construction and talent team building.