关键词: 加工番茄, 加气灌溉, 产量, 品质, 主成分分析, 隶属函数分析

Abstract: In order to study the effects of water, nitrogen and aeration on the yield and quality of processing tomato, sixteen treatments were set including two irrigation levels (4 950 and 4 050 m³·hm^-2), four nitrogen levels (280, 250, 220, and 190 kg·hm^-2) and two aeration ratios (15% and 0%). The traits related with yield and quality were determined. And principal component analysis and membership function were adopted to evaluate yield and fruit quality of different treatments. The results showed that, with nitrogen increasing under the same irrigation level, the yield, fruit weight and the contents of vitamin C and soluble solids increased firstly and then decreased; the content of organic acids increased; but fruit weight decreased. Under the same nitrogen level, yield per plant, fruit weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of fruit in treatments of high irrigation amounts were higher than those in treatments of low irrigation level; while the fruit number per plant and the contents of soluble sugar, organic acid, vitamin C and soluble solid in treatments of low irrigation amounts were higher than those in treatments of high irrigation amounts. Compared with the conventional irrigation, the yield per plant, fruit number per plant and fruit weight of the aerated irrigation treatments were increased by 6.14%, 3.67%, and 2.35%, respectively; and the transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter and the contents of soluble sugar, organic acid, vitamin C, soluble solid increased by 1.91%, 1.85%, 1.17%, 2.37%, 2.42% and 4.68%, respectively. Based on subordinate function value, the aerated irrigation treatment with 4 050 m³·hm^-2 irrigation level and 250 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen level could has better effects on yield and good quality of processing tomato under mulched drip irrigation.

Key words: processing tomato, aerated irrigation, yield, quality, principal component analysis, subordinate function method