中国农业科技导报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 210-217.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.0895

• 生物制造 资源生态 • 上一篇    

通风速率对异位发酵床处理肉鸭粪污的效果研究

马金智1(), 朱志平1(), 卢连水2, 张万钦1   

  1. 1.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081
    2.河北东风养殖有限公司,河北 沧州 062350
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-23 接受日期:2020-12-06 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 朱志平
  • 作者简介:马金智E­mail: 1448854483@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家水禽产业技术体系项目(CARS-42-23)

Effect of Ventilation Rate on Treatment of Meat Duck Manure by Ectopic Fermentation System

Jinzhi MA1(), Zhiping ZHU1(), Lianshui LU2, Wanqin ZHANG1   

  1. 1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    2.Hebei Dongfeng Breeding Co. Ltd. ,Heibei Cangzhou 062350,China
  • Received:2020-10-23 Accepted:2020-12-06 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-03-14
  • Contact: Zhiping ZHU

摘要:

为探究不同通风速率对异位发酵床处理肉鸭粪污的效果,以锯末和稻壳按6∶4体积比配制发酵初始垫料,设置3个处理(A1、A2、A3),通风速率分别为0.02、0.05、0.10 m3·min-1·m-3,通过每日定量向异位发酵装置中投加肉鸭粪污,监测38 d发酵过程中垫料的理化指标以及腐熟状况。结果表明,3种通风速率下,A1、A2和A3处理的温度值分别为49.98、51.29和49.36 ℃,>50 ℃的高温天数分别为23、28和20 d,通风结束时氧含量分别为12.61%、16.41%和18.16%,氧气消耗速率分别为0.20%、0.26%和0.24%·min-1。试验期间,3种处理pH 7.05~8.10,含水率50%~70%,均能为微生物生长繁殖提供适宜生长环境。试验结束时,3种处理的发芽指数均在95%以上,未检测到粪大肠菌群,蛔虫卵死亡率100%,Cu、Zn重金属均未超标,符合安全性要求。全氮、五氧化二磷、氧化钾、有机质含量在处理间无显著差异。综上所述,异位发酵床采用通5 min停10 min的通风间隔下,0.05 m3·min-1·m-3通风速率处理肉鸭粪污效果最优。

关键词: 通风速率, 异位发酵床, 肉鸭粪污

Abstract:

To explore the effect of different ventilation rate on the treatment of meat duck manure by an ectopic fermentation system, the sawdust: rice husk (6:4) volume ration had been used as the initial bedding material for fermentation, and 3 treatments (A1,A2,A3) of the ventilation rates were set as 0.02, 0.05 and 0.10 m3·min-1·m-3. Quantified duck manure was daily added into the ectopic fermentation device. The physical and chemical indicators and maturity of the litter were monitored within 38 d fermentation process. The results showed that temperatures under A1,A2 and A3 were 49.98, 51.29 and 49.36 ℃, respectively; and the oxygen consumption rates were 0.20%,0.26% and 0.24%·min-1. During the test, the pH of the 3 treatments were maintained at 7.05~8.10, and the moisture contents were 50%~70%, all of which could provide a suitable environment for the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. At the end of the test, the GI of the 3 treatments were above 95%, fecal coliform was not detected, hatched from eggs mortality was 100%, and the heavy metals of Cu and Zn did not exceed the standard, which met the safety requirements. There were no significant differences on contents of total nitrogen, P2O5K2O, and organic matter between different ventilation rates. Based on the indicators introduced above, ventilation rate of 0.05 m3·min-1·m-3 was the best for the treatment of meat duck manure with the ventilation interval of 5 min and 10 min.

Key words: ventilation rate, ectopic fermentation system, duck manure

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