水产颗粒饲料悬浮速度测定与分析

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2020.1036

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为获取水产颗粒饲料的悬浮速度参数，采用自制悬浮速度测定试验台对膨化饲料与颗粒饲料的悬浮速度进行测定，并采用双因素等重复试验法和响应曲面法分析了粒径（1~4 mm）和含水率（5%~25%）对水产颗粒饲料悬浮速度的影响。结果表明：粒径和含水率对膨化饲料和颗粒饲料的悬浮速度均影响极显著，且粒径比含水率对悬浮速度的影响更显著，但粒径和含水率的交互作用对悬浮速度影响不显著；膨化饲料和颗粒饲料悬浮速度均随粒径和含水率的增加而增加；以决定系数和变异系数为评价指标进行比较，膨化饲料悬浮速度的三阶预测模型效果最佳，决定系数R²为0.993 1；颗粒饲料悬浮速度的双因素交互预测模型效果最佳，决定系数R²为0.959 1。经过试验验证，膨化饲料和颗粒饲料悬浮速度预测模型的相对误差范围分别为±5.4%和±6.1%，说明预测模型可靠。试验结果可为气动式投喂装置、气力输送装置和分选装置的设计提供参考和依据。

关键词: 水产颗粒饲料, 气动式投喂装置, 空气动力特性, 悬浮速度

Abstract:

In order to obtain suspension velocity parameters of aquaculture pellets feed， the suspension velocity of extruded feed and pellet feed was measured by using self-designed suspension velocity measuring instrument. At the same time， the effects of particle size（1~4 mm）and moisture content（5%~25%）on suspension velocity were analyzed by double factor equal repeated experiments and response surface method. The results showed that particle size and moisture content had significant effects on the suspension velocity of extruded feed and pellet feed， and the effect of particle size was more significant than that of moisture content， but the interaction of particle size and moisture content had no significant effect on suspension velocity. Suspension velocity of extruded feed and pellet feed increased with the increase of particle size and moisture content. Besides， taking the R² and CV as the evaluation indexes， the cubic model for the suspension velocity of extruded feed was best， with the R² of 0.993 1； 2FI model for suspension velocity of pellet feed had the best effect， with the R² of 0.959 1. After verification， the relative error range of the suspension velocity prediction model of extruded feed and pellet feed wass ±5.4% and ±6.1%， which indicated that the prediction model was reliable. The experiment results provided reference and basis for the design of pneumatic automatic feeding device， pneumatic conveying device and sorting device.

Key words: aquaculture pellets feed, pneumatic feeding machine, aerodynamic properties, suspension velocity

中图分类号:

S969.31

邵恺怿, 牛智有, 于重洋, 吴文涛. 水产颗粒饲料悬浮速度测定与分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(3): 120-129.

Kaiyi SHAO, Zhiyou NIU, Chongyang YU, Wentao WU. Measurement and Analysis on Suspension Velocity of Aquaculture Pellets Feed[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(3): 120-129.

图/表 14

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品种 Variety	粒径 Particle size/mm	密度 Density /（kg·m^-3）	含水率 Moisture content/%
膨化饲料 Extruded feed	1.00	531.91	9.04
	2.00	501.21	10.05
	3.00	476.19	9.50
	4.00	458.72	9.19
颗粒饲料 Pellet feed	2.00	1 192.86	9.80
	3.00	1 133.33	9.21
	4.00	1 081.25	8.23

品种 Variety	粒径 Particle size/mm	密度 Density /（kg·m^-3）	含水率 Moisture content/%
膨化饲料 Extruded feed	1.00	531.91	9.04
	2.00	501.21	10.05
	3.00	476.19	9.50
	4.00	458.72	9.19
颗粒饲料 Pellet feed	2.00	1 192.86	9.80
	3.00	1 133.33	9.21
	4.00	1 081.25	8.23

差异源 Variance source	平方和 SS	自由度 df	均方 MS	F	显著性 Significance
修正模型Modified model	109.501	19	5.763	601.654
截距Interpolation	1 565.342	1	1 565.342	163 414.753
含水率Moisture content	0.957	4	0.239	24.976	**
粒径Particle size	108.493	3	36.164	3 775.395	**
粒径×含水率Particle size×moisture content	0.051	12	0.004	0.445
误差 Error	0.766	80	0.010
总计Total	1 675.609	100
修正后总计Rvised total	110.267	99

差异源 Variance source	平方和 SS	自由度 df	均方 MS	F	显著性 Significance
修正模型Modified model	109.501	19	5.763	601.654
截距Interpolation	1 565.342	1	1 565.342	163 414.753
含水率Moisture content	0.957	4	0.239	24.976	**
粒径Particle size	108.493	3	36.164	3 775.395	**
粒径×含水率Particle size×moisture content	0.051	12	0.004	0.445
误差 Error	0.766	80	0.010
总计Total	1 675.609	100
修正后总计Rvised total	110.267	99

差异源 Variance source	平方和 SS	自由度 df	均方 MS	F	显著性 Significance
修正模型Modified model	40.575	14	2.898	109.339
截距Interpolation	2 536.102	1	2 536.102	95 678.052
含水率Moisture content	2.319	4	0.580	21.868	**
粒径Particle size	38.065	2	19.032	718.022	**
粒径×含水率Particle size×moisture content	0.192	8	0.024	0.904
误差 Error	1.590	60	0.027
总计Total	2 578.267	75
修正后总计Revised total	42.165	74