南方丘陵区降雨同位素组成及影响因素的研究

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0821

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入探究南方丘陵区油茶林地降雨同位素变化规律，揭示该森林系统水循环对水汽来源和气候的响应机理，利用向后轨迹模型（hybrid single particle lagrangian intergrated trajectory，HYSPLIT）对油茶林地不同水汽轨迹进行聚类分析，采用偏相关分析综合评估降雨同位素组成的主要影响因素。结果表明，林地降雨季风期（5—9月）水汽来源主要是印度洋（14%）和西太平洋（37%）输送的暖湿气团，非季风期水汽来源中75%以上来自局部蒸发水汽和南下冷空气；同位素组成表现出季风期贫乏，非季风期富集，呈现出“V”形的季节性变化规律。2019年林地降水线δD=8.3δ¹⁸O+13.5（R²=0.99），反映了林地的较低蒸发水平和湿润气候条件，林地降雨同位素存在显著的降雨量效应、风速效应和湿度效应，降雨量效应远远大于温度效应，湿度效应对于温度的变化十分敏感。以上结果为长沙油茶林地的水循环机理研究提供了理论参考，有利于指导地区水资源科学调控，促进林业生态发展。

关键词: 降雨同位素, 水汽来源, 环境同位素效应, HYSPLIT, 油茶林

Abstract:

In order to explore precipitation isotope variation of Camellia oleifera forest in southern hilly region， and reveal the response mechanism of water cycle in this forest system to water vapor source and climate， HYSPLIT（hybrid single particle lagrangian intergrated trajectory） was used for cluster analysis of different water vapor trajectory in Camellia oleifera forest， and partial correlation analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the main influencing factors of rainfall isotope composition. The results showed that the water vapor source of Camellia oleifera forest during monsoon period （from May to September） was mainly the warm and humid air mass of the Indian Ocean （14%） and western of Pacific Ocean （37%）， and more than 75% of the non-monsoon water vapor sourced from the local evaporation of water vapor and the cold air from the north. The isotopic composition was poor in monsoon period and enriched in non-monsoon period， which showed a “V” shaped seasonal variation pattern. In 2019， the precipitation line was δD=8.3δ¹⁸O+13.5 （R²=0.99）， reflecting the low evaporation level and humid climate conditions of forest land. There were obvious precipitation effect， wind speed effect and humidity effect in forestland precipitation isotope， and the precipitation effect far overcomed the temperature effect， and humidity effect was very sensitive to temperature change. These above results provided a theoretical reference for the study of water cycle mechanism of Changsha Camellia oleifera forest， which was beneficial to guide the scientific control of regional water resources and promote the development of forestry ecology.

Key words: precipitation isotope, moisture source, environmental isotope effect, HYSPLIT, Camellia oleifera forest

中图分类号:

S271

岳伶俐, 陈永忠, 夏雄, 刘栋, 王湘南, 吴友杰. 南方丘陵区降雨同位素组成及影响因素的研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(5): 224-233.

Lingli YUE, Yongzhong CHEN, Xiong XIA, Dong LIU, Xiangnan WANG, Youjie WU. Study on Isotopic Composition and Influencing Factors of Rainfall in Southern Hilly Region[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(5): 224-233.

图/表 7

参考文献 31

1	SUN C J, CHEN W, CHEN Y N, et al.. Stable isotopes of atmospheric precipitation and its environmental drivers in the Eastern Chinese Loess Plateau, China [J]. J. Hydrol., 2020, 581(C):1-40.
2	DANSGAARD W. Stable isotopes in precipitation [J]. Tellus, 1964, 16(4):436-468.
3	YU W S, YAO T D, TIAN L D, et al.. Relationships between δ¹⁸O in precipitation and air temperature and moisture origin on a south-north transect of the Tibetan Plateau [J]. Atmos. Res., 2008, 87(2):158-169.
4	李维杰,王建力,王家录.西南地区不同地形降水稳定同位素特征及其水汽来源[J].长江流域资源与环境,2018,27(5):1132-1142.
	LI W J, WANG J L, WANG J L. Characteristics of the stable isotopes in precipitation and the source of water vapor in different terrain in the southwest region [J]. Resour. Environ. Yangtze Basin., 2018, 27(5):1132-1142.
5	刘洁遥,张福平,冯起,等.西北地区降水稳定同位素的云下二次蒸发效应[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(5):1479-1488.
	LIU J Y, ZHANG F P, FENG Q, et al.. Influence of below-cloud secondary evaporation on stable isotope composition in precipitation in northwest China [J]. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol., 2018, 29(5):1479-1488.
6	李小飞,张明军,马潜,等.我国东北地区大气降水稳定同位素特征及其水汽来源[J].环境科学,2012,33(9):2924-2931.
	LI X F, ZHANG M J, MA Q, et al.. Characteristics of stable isotopes in precipitation over northeast China and its water vapor sources [J]. Environ. Sci., 2012, 33(9):2924-2931.
7	柳鉴容,宋献方,袁国富,等.中国东部季风区大气降水δ¹⁸O的特征及水汽来源[J].科学通报,2009,54(22):3521-3531.
	LIU J R, SONG X F, YUAN G F, et al.. Characteristics of δ¹⁸O in precipitation over eastern monsoon China and the water vapor sources [J]. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2009, 54(22):3521-3531.
8	YANG N A, WANG G C. Moisture sources and climate evolution during the last 30 kyr in northeastern Tibetan Plateau:insights from groundwater isotopes (²H, ¹⁸O, ³H and ¹⁴C) and water vapour trajectories modeling [J]. Quat. Sci. Rev., 2020, 242:1-11.
9	ZHANG M J, WANG S J. A review of precipitation isotope studies in China: basic pattern and hydrological process [J]. J. Geogr. Sci., 2016, 26(7):921-938.
10	张君,陈洪松,黄荣.桂西北喀斯特小流域降雨稳定氢氧同位素组成及影响因素[J].生态学报,2022,42(1):236-245.
	ZHANG J, CHEN H S, HUANG R. Composition of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic of precipitation and its influencing factors in karst area northwest Guangxi of China [J]. Acta Ecol. Sin., 2022,42(1):236-245.
11	孔蒙.2016-2018年金华地区大气降水的水汽输送特征[D].金华:浙江师范大学,2019.
	KONG M. Water vapor transport characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in Jinhua area form 2016 to 2018 [D]. Jinhua: Zhejiang Normal University, 2019.
12	柳鉴容,宋献方,袁国富,等.我国南部夏季季风降水水汽来源的稳定同位素证据[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(6):1004-1012.
	LIU J R, SONG X F, YUAN G F, et al.. Stable isotope evidence of vapor sources in summer monsoonal precipitation over southern China [J]. J. Nat. Resour., 2007, 22(6):1004-1012.
13	邓三龙,陈永忠.中国油茶[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2019:1-372.
14	GUAN H D, ZHANG X P, SKRZYPEK G, et al.. Deuterium excess variations of rainfall events in a coastal area of South Australia and its relationship with synoptic weather systems and atmospheric moisture sources [J]. J. Geophysi. Res. Atmos., 2013, 118(2):1123-1138.
15	DRAXLER R R, HESS G D. An overview of the HYSPLIT-4 modeling system for trajectories, dispersion, and deposition [J]. Aust. Meteorol. Mag., 1998, 47(4):295-308.
16	吴华武,章新平,关华德,等.不同水汽来源对湖南长沙地区降水中δD、δ¹⁸O的影响[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(8):1404-1414.
	WU H W, ZHANG X P, GUAN H D, et al.. Influences of different moisture sources on δD and δ¹⁸O in precipitation in Changsha,Hunan province [J]. J. Nat. Resour., 2012, 27(8):1404-1414.
17	吴华武,章新平,孙广禄,等.湖南长沙地区大气降水中稳定同位素特征变化[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(5):540-546.
	WU H W, ZHANG X P, SUN G L, et al.. Variations of stable isotopes characteristics of atmospheric precipitation from Changsha, Hunan [J]. Resour. Environ. Yangtze Basin, 2012, 21(5):540-546.
18	王涛.中国东部季风区域降水稳定同位素的时空分布特征及其气候意义[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.
	WANG T. The stable isotopes temporal-spatial distribution of modern prec ipitation over east monsoon China and its implication for climate [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 2012.
19	陶泽,司炳成,靳静静.矮化枣树冠层改变降雨截留历时过程同位素和化学特征[J].水土保持学报,2017, 31(5):189-195.
	TAO Z, SI B C, JIN J J. Canopy interception modified intra-rainfall isotopic and hydrochemical characteristics of dwarfed jujube tree [J]. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2017, 31(5):189-195.
20	HASEGAWA H, AKATA N, KAWABATA H, et al.. Characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios in precipitation collected in a snowfall region, Aomori prefecture, Japan [J]. Geochem. J., 2014, 48(1):9-18.
21	WU X, ZHU X Y, PAN M C, et al.. Seasonal variability of oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes in precipitation and cave drip water at Guilin, southwest China [J]. Environ. Earth Sci., 2014, 72(8):3183-3191.
22	WU H W, LI X Y, ZHANG J M, et al.. Stable isotopes of atmospheric water vapour and precipitation in the northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J]. Hydrol. Processes, 2019, 33(23):2997-3009.
23	THOMAS E K, HOLLISTER K V, CLUETT A A, et al.. Reconstructing arctic precipitation seasonality using aquatic leaf wax δ²H in lakes with contrasting residence times [J/OL]. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatol., 2020, 35(7):3886 [2021-07-20]. .
24	马菁,宋维峰,吴锦奎,等.元阳梯田水源区林地降水与土壤水同位素特征[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(2):243-248, 254.
	MA J, SONG W F, WU J K, et al.. Characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of precipitation and soil water in woodland in water source area of Yuanyang terrace [J]. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2016, 30(2):243-248, 254.
25	常昕,章新平,戴军杰,等.不同时间尺度氢氧稳定同位素效应的比较——以长沙降水为例[J].第四纪研究,2021,41(1):99-110.
	CHANG X, ZHANG X P, DAI J J, et al..Comparison of stable isotope effects under different time scales: taking Changsha as an example [J]. Quat. Sci., 2021, 41(1):99-110.
26	柳鉴容,宋献方,袁国富,等.西北地区大气降水δ¹⁸O的特征及水汽来源[J].地理学报,2008,63(1):12-22.
	LIU J R, SONG X F, YUAN G F, et al.. Character istics of δ¹⁸O in precipitation over northwest China and its water vapor sources [J]. Acta Geogr. Sin., 2008, 63(1):12-22.
27	王婷,高德强,徐庆,等.三峡库区秭归段大气降水δD和δ¹⁸O特征及水汽来源[J].林业科学研究,2020,33(6):88-95.
	WANG T, GAO D Q, XU Q, et al.. Characteristics of δD and δ¹⁸O in precipitation and water vapor sources in Zigui section of the Three Gorges Reservoir [J]. For. Res., 2020, 33(6):88-95.
28	郑淑蕙,侯发高,倪葆龄.我国大气降水的氢氧稳定同位素研究[J].科学通报,1983(13):801-806.
	ZHENG S H, HOU F G, NI B L. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of precipitation in China [J]. Chin. Sci. Bull., 1983(13):801-806.
29	陈婕,高德强,徐庆,等.西鄂尔多斯荒漠夏季大气降水氢氧同位素特征与水汽来源[J].林业科学研究,2016(6):118-125.
	CHEN J, GAO D Q, XU Q, et al.. Characteristics of δD and δ¹⁸O in summer precipitation in the west Ordos desert and its water vapor sources [J]. For. Res., 2016(6):118-125.
30	TIAN L D, YU W S, SCHUSTER F P, et al.. Control of seasonal water vapor isotope variations at Lhasa, southern Tibetan Plateau [J]. J. Hydro., 2020, 580(8):124-237.
31	WU Y J, DU T S, DING R S, et al.. An isotope method to quantify soil evaporation and evaluate water vapor movement under plastic film mulch [J]. Agric. Water Manag., 2017, 184:59-66.

月份Month	δD/‰			δ¹⁸O/‰			d-excess/‰
月份Month	最大值Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准差Mean±SD	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准差Mean±SD	最大值Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准差Mean±SD
4	-0.52	-119.07	-42.60±25.55 b	-1.76	-16.65	-7.06±5.72 b	14.26	13.40	13.85±0.36 b
5	-74.20	-150.12	-110.49±23.66 a	-10.42	-19.97	-14.85±2.96 a	9.60	6.01	8.28±1.15 a
6	-114.90	-121.20	-118.05±3.15 a	-15.42	-15.90	-15.66±0.24 a	8.50	6.03	7.27±1.23 a
7	-56.86	-136.83	-102.31±26.23 a	-8.21	-17.96	-13.86±3.27 a	9.90	6.86	8.53±1.00 a
8	98.30	-110.28	-102.41±5.57 a	-13.10	-14.93	-13.76±0.83 a	9.19	6.49	7.69±1.12 a
10	12.55	-51.05	-16.33±23.18 b	0.03	-8.04	-3.66±2.93 b	14.37	12.00	12.93±0.83 b

月份Month	δD/‰			δ¹⁸O/‰			d-excess/‰
月份Month	最大值Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准差Mean±SD	最大值 Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准差Mean±SD	最大值Max	最小值 Min	平均值±标准差Mean±SD
4	-0.52	-119.07	-42.60±25.55 b	-1.76	-16.65	-7.06±5.72 b	14.26	13.40	13.85±0.36 b
5	-74.20	-150.12	-110.49±23.66 a	-10.42	-19.97	-14.85±2.96 a	9.60	6.01	8.28±1.15 a
6	-114.90	-121.20	-118.05±3.15 a	-15.42	-15.90	-15.66±0.24 a	8.50	6.03	7.27±1.23 a
7	-56.86	-136.83	-102.31±26.23 a	-8.21	-17.96	-13.86±3.27 a	9.90	6.86	8.53±1.00 a
8	98.30	-110.28	-102.41±5.57 a	-13.10	-14.93	-13.76±0.83 a	9.19	6.49	7.69±1.12 a
10	12.55	-51.05	-16.33±23.18 b	0.03	-8.04	-3.66±2.93 b	14.37	12.00	12.93±0.83 b

气象因子Meteorological factor	与δD的相关关系 Correlation with δD		与δD的偏相关关系（控制温度） Partial correlation with δD （Temperature control）		与δD的偏相关关系（控制降雨量）Partial correlation with δD （Precipitation control）
气象因子Meteorological factor	R	P	R	P	R	P
温度Temperature	-0.306	0.11			-0.520	0.01
降雨量Precipitation	-0.622	0.00	-0.711	0.00
平均风速Average wind velocity	-0.691	0.00	-0.745	0.00	-0.570	0.00
相对湿度Relative humidity	-0.496	0.01	-0.546	0.00	-0.312	0.11

气象因子Meteorological factor	与δD的相关关系 Correlation with δD		与δD的偏相关关系（控制温度） Partial correlation with δD （Temperature control）		与δD的偏相关关系（控制降雨量）Partial correlation with δD （Precipitation control）
气象因子Meteorological factor	R	P	R	P	R	P
温度Temperature	-0.306	0.11			-0.520	0.01
降雨量Precipitation	-0.622	0.00	-0.711	0.00
平均风速Average wind velocity	-0.691	0.00	-0.745	0.00	-0.570	0.00
相对湿度Relative humidity	-0.496	0.01	-0.546	0.00	-0.312	0.11

日期 Date（m-d）	高度 Height/m	时间 Time	历时 Last time/h	水汽来源Moisture source
日期 Date（m-d）	高度 Height/m	时间 Time	历时 Last time/h	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	高度 Height/m	相对湿度 Relative humidity/%	地理位置 Location
4-15	1 500	0：00	72	39°83′N	86°78′E	3 779	40.6	若羌县Ruoqiang county
	3 000	0：00	72	26°47′N	109°22′E	517	34.1	锦屏县Jinping county
	5 500	0：00	72	29°85′N	72°26′E	4 207	69.4	Vehari， Punjab， Pakistan
5-13	1 500	0：00	72	26°84′N	113°42′E	0	72.7	茶陵县Chaling county
	3 000	0：00	72	26°65′N	81°33′E	2 664	27.2	Barabanki， Uttar Pradesh， India
	5 500	0：00	72	19°11′N	79°20′E	6 268	6.5	Adilabad， Telangana， India
6-22	1 500	0：00	72	32°15′N	120°92′E	3 403	39.5	南通市通州区 Tongzhou district， Nantong city
	3 000	0：00	72	30°64′N	118°50′E	1 666	65.4	泾县Jing county
	5 500	0：00	72	30°38′N	86°18′E	2 835	37.0	昂仁县Ngamring county
7-5	1 500	0：00	72	29°89′N	119°72′E	1 216	55.1	杭州市富阳区 Fuyang district， Hangzhou city
	3 000	0：00	72	30°71′N	114°48′E	221	47.6	武汉市黄陂区 Huangpi district， Wuhan city
	5 500	0：00	72	19°15′N	113°23′E	2 429	80.8	武汉市黄陂区 Huangpi district， Wuhan city
7-8	1 500	0：00	72	18°13′N	97°21′E	440	95.2	Papun， Kayin， Myanmar
	3 000	0：00	72	20°33′N	96°72′E	881	88.4	Papun， Kayin， Myanmar
	5 500	0：00	72	21°41′N	97°92′E	1 385	91.7	Lai Hka， Shan， Myanmar
8-15	1 500	0：00	72	40°29′N	113°98′E	2 473	75.9	天镇县Tianzhen county
	3 000	0：00	72	40°88′N	113°47′E	1 815	76.4	察哈尔右翼前旗Chahar right front banner
	5 500	0：00	72	36°47′N	110°86′E	5 113	14.5	蒲县Pu county
9-8	1 500	0：00	72	30°50′N	106°87′E	2 836	95.8	广安市前锋区 Qianfeng district， Guang’an city
	3 000	0：00	72	34°88′N	103°49′E	3 318	47.4	卓尼县Zhuoni county
	5 500	0：00	72	36°19′N	63°27′E	6 908	4.2	Mary， Turkmenistan
10-16	1 500	0：00	72	36°16′N	129°13′E	1 778	24.6	Pohang， North Gyeongsang， South Korea
	3 000	0：00	72	23°04′N	97°51′E	2 537	61.7	Namtu， Shan， Myanmar
	5 500	0：00	72	25°29′N	82°92′E	5 275	3.2	Varanasi， Uttar Pradesh， India