NaOH预处理对青稞秸秆厌氧发酵特性的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0304

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高青稞秸秆的综合利用率，采用NaOH对青稞秸秆进行预处理，研究不同水平NaOH和预处理时间对青稞秸秆厌氧发酵性能的影响，探讨NaOH在青稞秸秆厌氧发酵中应用的可行性。结果表明，与未经处理的青稞秸秆相比，NaOH预处理可以显著提高青稞秸秆产甲烷性能（P<0.05），且产气速率快、发酵周期短。其中，5% NaOH处理12 h青稞秸秆的累积甲烷产量高于多数木质纤维素类废弃物，为250.03 mL·g^-1，是优良的发酵原料。NaOH预处理增加了青稞秸秆中纤维素含量（13.37%~39.31%），并有效降解了木质素（12.89%~64.34%）和半纤维素（0.96%~30.30%）含量。表明NaOH预处理是提高青稞秸秆厌氧发酵产甲烷性能的有效方法。

关键词: 青稞秸秆, 厌氧发酵, NaOH预处理, 甲烷

Abstract:

In order to increase the comprehensive utilization rate of hulless barley straw， NaOH was used to pretreat hulless barley straw. The effects of different level NaOH and pretreatment time on anaerobic fermentation performance were studied， and the feasibility of NaOH in anaerobic fermentation of hulless barley straw was explored. The results showed that compared with the untreated hulless barley straw， the hulless barley straw pretreated with NaOH could significantly improve the performance of methane production （P<0.05）， and the production rate of methane gas was faster and the fermentation period was shorter. The cumulative methane production of hulless barley straw treated with 5% NaOH for 12 h was higher than most lignocellulosic wastes， reaching 250.03 mL·g^-1. It indicated that the hulless barley straw was an excellent raw material for anaerobic fermentation. NaOH pretreatment increased cellulose content （13.37%~39.31%） in hulless barley straw and effectively degraded lignin （12.89%~64.34%） and hemicelluloses （0.96%~30.30%）. The study showed that NaOH pretreatment was an effective method to improve the performance of methane production by anaerobic fermentation of hulless barley straw.

Key words: hulless barley straw, anaerobic fermentation, NaOH pretreatment, methane

中图分类号:

S216.4

柳丽, 杜中平, 李屹, 陈来生, 韩睿. NaOH预处理对青稞秸秆厌氧发酵特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(8): 192-200.

Li LIU, Zhongping DU, Yi LI, Laisheng CHEN, Rui HAN. Effect of NaOH Pretreatment on Anaerobic Fermentation Characteristics of Hulless Barley Straw[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(8): 192-200.

图/表 11

参考文献 32

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处理 Treatment	产甲烷潜力 Methane production potential/ （mL∙g^-1）	最大产甲烷速率 Maximum methane production rate/（mL∙g^-1·d^-1）	产甲烷延滞期 Lag phase/d	R²	T₉₀/d
CK	146.89	11.37	2.66	0.994	22
1%NaOH-6 h	171.30	12.35	-0.20	0.990	16
3%NaOH-6 h	229.24	21.06	-0.05	0.990	17
5%NaOH-6 h	237.51	18.73	0.09	0.990	16
7%NaOH-6 h	205.73	18.87	-0.01	0.990	15
1%NaOH-12 h	221.47	17.90	0.54	0.998	16
3%NaOH-12 h	231.54	25.75	0.54	0.996	13
5%NaOH-12 h	246.25	20.97	0.00	0.991	17
7%NaOH-12 h	213.15	23.55	0.51	0.995	15
1%NaOH-24 h	179.89	13.54	0.35	0.995	16
3%NaOH-24 h	222.24	15.71	-0.96	0.991	17
5%NaOH-24 h	231.81	27.39	0.51	0.995	15
7%NaOH-24 h	184.20	19.33	0.33	0.995	16

处理 Treatment	产甲烷潜力 Methane production potential/ （mL∙g^-1）	最大产甲烷速率 Maximum methane production rate/（mL∙g^-1·d^-1）	产甲烷延滞期 Lag phase/d	R²	T₉₀/d
CK	146.89	11.37	2.66	0.994	22
1%NaOH-6 h	171.30	12.35	-0.20	0.990	16
3%NaOH-6 h	229.24	21.06	-0.05	0.990	17
5%NaOH-6 h	237.51	18.73	0.09	0.990	16
7%NaOH-6 h	205.73	18.87	-0.01	0.990	15
1%NaOH-12 h	221.47	17.90	0.54	0.998	16
3%NaOH-12 h	231.54	25.75	0.54	0.996	13
5%NaOH-12 h	246.25	20.97	0.00	0.991	17
7%NaOH-12 h	213.15	23.55	0.51	0.995	15
1%NaOH-24 h	179.89	13.54	0.35	0.995	16
3%NaOH-24 h	222.24	15.71	-0.96	0.991	17
5%NaOH-24 h	231.81	27.39	0.51	0.995	15
7%NaOH-24 h	184.20	19.33	0.33	0.995	16

波长 Wavelength/（cm^-1）	基团 Group	纤维组分 Fiber composition	吸收峰强度变化 Changes of absorption peak intensity
3 330	羟基 O-H Hydroxyl O-H	木质素Lignin	降低Reduce
2 910	C-H	纤维素Cellulose	增高Increase
2 854	C-H	纤维素Cellulose	增高Increase
1 621	羰基 C=O/苯环 Carbonyl C=O/benzene ring	半纤维素/木质素Hemicellulose/lignin	降低Reduce

波长 Wavelength/（cm^-1）	基团 Group	纤维组分 Fiber composition	吸收峰强度变化 Changes of absorption peak intensity
3 330	羟基 O-H Hydroxyl O-H	木质素Lignin	降低Reduce
2 910	C-H	纤维素Cellulose	增高Increase
2 854	C-H	纤维素Cellulose	增高Increase
1 621	羰基 C=O/苯环 Carbonyl C=O/benzene ring	半纤维素/木质素Hemicellulose/lignin	降低Reduce

处理 Treatment	木质素 Lignin	纤维素 Cellulose	半纤维素 Hemicellulose
CK	14.89±0.10 a	42.71±0.33 i	16.73±0.40 a
1%NaOH-6 h	10.38±0.46 d	53.33±1.01 de	14.26±0.63 d
3%NaOH-6 h	12.98±0.13 b	49.07±2.08 gh	15.71±0.42 bc
5%NaOH-6 h	8.46±0.17 f	56.49±1.34 bc	13.31±0.30 e
7%NaOH-6 h	5.31±0.07 i	53.16±1.52 de	16.26±0.52 ab
1%NaOH-12 h	9.65±0.17 e	52.76±0.34 de	13.72±0.29 de
3%NaOH-12 h	12.43±0.28 c	48.42±0.70 g	14.02±0.11 de
5%NaOH-12 h	8.63±0.60 f	57.08±0.09 b	14.26±0.31 d
7%NaOH-12 h	7.54±0.30 g	52.31±1.23 ef	15.46±0.46 c
1%NaOH-24 h	8.53±0.07 f	50.69±0.98 fg	14.33±0.68 d
3%NaOH-24 h	9.99±0.29 de	54.11±0.70 de	11.66±0.31 f
5%NaOH-24 h	8.79±0.41 f	59.50±1.65 a	14.09±0.51 de
7%NaOH-24 h	6.54±0.39 h	54.82±0.85 cd	16.57±0.35 a