环模制粒机模辊间隙智能调整机构研制

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2024.0082

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前环模制粒机间隙人工调节时只能静态调整，调整精度低、费时，且不能实现对整个加工过程的有效监测，针对此问题提出一种环模制粒机模辊间隙智能调整机构。该机构对现有制粒系统进行结构性能改进，以弥补人工调整环模制粒机间隙的不足。首先，对SPZL600型双辊制粒机模辊间隙调整机构进行设计；其次，建立模辊间隙智能调整机构数学模型；最后，对样机进行试验。结果表明，试验测量间隙与理论间隙几乎完全重合，说明间隙智能调整系统准确性高；当检测转速输入为400 r·min^-1时，系统在6.0 s内完成间隙调整，系统响应具有高效性。该机构增强了生产安全系数与智能化程度，提升产品的持续竞争力，对其他制粒机具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 制粒机, 间隙调整, 智能调整, 样机试验

Abstract:

Previously， the gap of the ring die granulator could only be adjusted statically when manually adjusted. The adjustment accuracy was low and time-consuming， and effective monitoring of the entire processing process could not be achieved. Aiming at this problem， an intelligent adjustment mechanism for the gap of the ring die granulator was proposed. The mechanism improved the structural performance of the existing granulation system to make up for the shortcomings of the previous manual adjustment of the gap of the ring die granulator. Firstly， the mold roller gap adjustment mechanism of the SPZL600 twin-roll granulator was designed. Secondly， the mathematical model of the intelligent adjustment mechanism of the die roll gap was established. Finally， the prototype was tested. The results showed that the experimental measurement gap was almost completely coincident with the theoretical gap， indicating that the accuracy of the gap intelligent adjustment system was high. When the detection speed input was 400 r·min^-1， the system completed the gap adjustment within 6.0 s， and the system response was efficient. The mechanism enhanced the safety factor and intelligence of production， improved the continuous competitiveness of products， which had reference significance for other granulators.

Key words: granulator, gap adjustment, intelligent adjustment, prototype experiment

中图分类号:

TP23

葛正浩, 高创, 王特栋, 苏京波, 张晓亮, 唐志雄. 环模制粒机模辊间隙智能调整机构研制[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2025, 27(7): 83-89.

Zhenghao GE, Chuang GAO, Tedong WANG, Jingbo SU, Xiaoliang ZHANG, Zhixiong TANG. Research and Manufacture of Intelligent Adjustment Mechanism for Ring Die Granulator Die Roll Gap[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025, 27(7): 83-89.

图/表 12

图1 制粒原理注：1—压辊；2—物料层；3—环模。

Fig. 1 Principle diagram of granulationNote：1—Pressure roller； 2—Material layer； 3—Ring mode.

图2 间隙调整机构整体模型注：1—间隙调整机构；2—润滑油孔；3—主轴；4—传动细轴；5—润滑块；6—动力源。

Fig. 2 Overall model of the gap adjustment mechanismNote：1—Gap adjustment mechanism； 2—Lubricating oil hole； 3—Spindle； 4—Transmission fine shaft； 5— Lubrication block； 6—Power source.

图3 模辊间隙调整机构注：1—偏心轮；2—丝杠推杆；3—蜗杆；4—蜗轮；5—球轴承；6—曲柄；7—压辊；8—传动细轴；9—动力源。

Fig. 3 Die roller gap adjustment mechanismNote：1—Eccentric wheel； 2—Screw push rod； 3—Worm； 4—Worm gear； 5—Ball bearing； 6—Crank； 7—Pressure roller； 8—Transmission fine shaft； 9—Power source.

图4 偏心轴与模辊间隙原理

Fig. 4 Principle of clearance between the eccentric shaft and die roll

图5 推杆与曲柄运动原理

Fig. 5 Push rod and crank motion schematic

图6 马达转数与模辊间隙曲线

Fig. 6 Motor revolution and die roll gap curve

表1 拟合关系式误差分析

Table 1 Error analysis of fitting relation

理论模辊间隙 Theoretical die roll gap/mm	马达转数 Motor revolution $/ r$	拟合间隙 Fitting gap/mm	间隙误差 Gap error/mm
0.0	249.734	0.000	0.000 0
0.1	230.089	0.099	0.000 1
0.2	209.648	0.199	0.000 1
0.3	188.320	0.299	0.000 1
0.4	165.994	0.400	0.000 0
0.5	142.536	0.500	-0.000 1
0.6	117.774	0.600	-0.000 2
0.7	91.490	0.700	0.000 0
0.8	63.393	0.799	0.000 6
0.9	33.087	0.898	0.001 8
1.0	0.000	0.996	0.003 9

表1 拟合关系式误差分析

Table 1 Error analysis of fitting relation

理论模辊间隙 Theoretical die roll gap/mm	马达转数 Motor revolution $/ r$	拟合间隙 Fitting gap/mm	间隙误差 Gap error/mm
0.0	249.734	0.000	0.000 0
0.1	230.089	0.099	0.000 1
0.2	209.648	0.199	0.000 1
0.3	188.320	0.299	0.000 1
0.4	165.994	0.400	0.000 0
0.5	142.536	0.500	-0.000 1
0.6	117.774	0.600	-0.000 2
0.7	91.490	0.700	0.000 0
0.8	63.393	0.799	0.000 6
0.9	33.087	0.898	0.001 8
1.0	0.000	0.996	0.003 9

表2 模辊智能调隙试验数据

Table 2 Experimental data of intelligent gap adjustment of die roller

理论间隙 Theoretical gap/mm	马达转数 Motor revolution/r	人机交互界面显示间隙 Man-machine interface display gap/mm	塞尺测量间隙 Gauge measurement gap/mm	选用塞尺规格 Selection of plug gauge specification/mm
1.00	0	0.999 95	1.0	0.75+0.20+0.05
0.90	33	0.900 00	0.9	0.75+0.10+0.05
0.80	63	0.800 15	0.8	0.75+0.05
0.70	91	0.700 21	0.7	0.50+0.15+0.05
0.60	117	0.600 25	0.6	0.50+0.03+0.02
0.50	142	0.500 27	0.5	0.40+0.08+0.02
0.40	165	0.400 28	0.4	0.30+0.08+0.02
0.30	188	0.300 31	0.3	0.25+0.05
0.20	209	0.200 35	0.2	0.15+0.05
0.10	230	0.100 44	0.1	0.06+0.04
0.00	249	0.000 57	0.0	锁死Locked-up

图7 间隙调整试验曲线

Fig. 7 Gap adjustment experimental curve

表3 压辊转速监测试验数据

Table 3 Experimental data of roller speed monitoring

模辊间隙 Die roll gap/mm	压辊转速 Roller speed/（r·min^-1）	模辊间隙 Die roll gap/mm	压辊转速 Roller speed/（r·min^-1）
0.05	578	0.30	280
0.10	576	0.35	128
0.15	552	0.40	0
0.20	490	0.45	0
0.25	363	0.50	0

图8 压辊转速与模辊间隙拟合曲线

Fig. 8 Fitting curve of roller speed and die roll gap

图9 压辊转速与响应时间拟合曲线

Fig. 9 Fitting curve of roller speed and response time

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