关键词: 无毒基因;抗病基因;效应子;蛋白互作

Abstract:

Avirulence genes (Avr) are hereditary factors of pathogen and could induce disease resistance of host plant. To clone Avr genes and study their structure and function, as well as their interactions with the host resistance (R) proteins are greatly important in understanding the molecular mechanism of plant resistance to fungus disease. Most AVR proteins (also called effectors) are rich in cysteine residues. They are translocated into host cells via haustoria or invasive hyphaes, and then induce hypersensitive response (HR). During this process, effectors are directly or indirectly recognized by cognate resistance proteins inside plant cells due to the interactions of certain domains between Avr and R proteins. This review summarized the progress on cloning and characterization of avirulence genes from several plant fungal pathogens and their interactions with plant resistance genes, so as to provide references for further research.

Key words: Avirulence gene, resistant gene, effector, protein interaction