寒地水稻三超栽培增产机理及关键技术研究

›› 2005, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (5): 8-12.

寒地水稻三超栽培增产机理及关键技术研究

曹海峰[1] 房道进[2] 张俊宝[1] 孙涛[1] 商文楠[1] 金学泳[1]

[1]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业开发办公室,哈尔滨150030

收稿日期:2005-07-11 修回日期:2005-09-08 出版日期:2005-10-15 发布日期:2009-10-28
通讯作者: 金学泳，研究员。
作者简介:曹海峰|男|1979年生|硕士研究生；主要从事水稻优质高产群体质量技术研究。通讯作者：金学泳|研究员。
基金资助:
黑龙江省科技厅农业创新工程攻关项目“寒地超高产优质水稻新技术集成及其产业化（G9982-8）”;国家科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目“寒地优质超级粳稻东农422三超栽培技术示范,（合同编号：DZEFN212301068）”;农业部“三江平原绿色农畜产品产业化模式及技术研究”（2004-2005）.

The Principle of Increase Production and Studies on the Key Technique of 3-S Cultivating Technique of Rice in Cold Zone

CAO Hai-feng, FANG Dao-jin, ZHANG Jun-bao, SUN Tao, SHANG Wen-nan, JIN Xue-yong

1. Northeast Agricultural University, Haerbin 150030, China|2. Heilongjiang Agricultural Development Office. Haerbin 150030, China

Received:2005-07-11 Revised:2005-09-08 Online:2005-10-15 Published:2009-10-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前寒地水稻高产栽培中存在的热量资源差、生育期短、基本苗过多、消费生长量过大、后期生育衰败等生长障碍因素，通过超早育苗培育多蘖壮秧、终霜后适期移栽、宽行超高产栽培、全程深施肥、浅湿干控水循环灌溉等试验，进行了“延扩营养时空，释放生产潜力，强化双冠（植株冠层、根系冠层）性能等增产原理研究，结果表明，水稻三超栽培技术比普通旱育稀植可延长水稻营养生长期15d，扩大秧苗营养空间2．1～4．2倍，通过均质多蘖壮秧宽行单双本适期移栽超稀植，置秧苗于适宜宽松营养空间，减少返青期3～8d，扩大植株生长空间3～5倍；全程深施肥提高氮肥利用率30％，浅湿干循化控水灌溉减少灌水量17．1％～39．8％，单产超过10000kg／hm^2，是寒地水稻旱育稀植技术之后，大幅度提高水稻产量的突破性技术。

关键词: 水稻三超栽培增产机理技术

Abstract:

Point at heat resource is poor, growing period is short, basic seedling is excessive, increment is consumed too many, plant decreases in the later growth exist in the high yielding cultivation of rice in the cold zone, by the experiment of super-early grow seedlings and many tillers to strengthen seedlings、be fit for planted other place after the ending frost、broad row of the high yielding cultivation、deep apply fertilizer in the whole course and to control the circle watering of shallow、wet、dry. carry out studies on increase production principle of ＂prolong、enlarge the time and the place off nutrition, release the potential ability of produce, strengthen both top layer＇ character （individual plant＇ top layer and root system＇ top layer）, it was found that Cultivating technique of 3-S Cultivating Technique of rice can enlarge nutrition growing time more 15 days than general dried cultivation and rare plant, expansion 2.1～4.2 times nutrition place of seedlings, reduce the turning green stage for 3 to 8 days, expand the growth space of plant for 3 to 5 times,increase fertilizer use efficiency as much as 35.9%, decrease irrigation quantity for 17.1% to 39.8%, the production can achieve more than 10000kg/hm^2. 3-S cultivating technique of rice is a breakthrough technology that can remarkably increase the production of rice after dry-raising seedling and thin-planting technique in cold zone.

Key words: rice, 3-S cultivating technique, increase production principle, technique

中图分类号:

S31 S511

曹海峰[1] 房道进[2] 张俊宝[1] 孙涛[1] 商文楠[1] 金学泳[1]. 寒地水稻三超栽培增产机理及关键技术研究[J]. , 2005, 7(5): 8-12.

CAO Hai-feng, FANG Dao-jin, ZHANG Jun-bao, SUN Tao, SHANG Wen-nan, JIN Xue-yong. The Principle of Increase Production and Studies on the Key Technique of 3-S Cultivating Technique of Rice in Cold Zone[J]. , 2005, 7(5): 8-12.