关键词: 采棉机, 统收式, 棉桃分离, 棉桃回收

Abstract: The cotton mechanized harvesting technologies include once all-harvest technology and multiple part-harvest technology, which has its own characteristics and advantages. With the development of cotton industry and active demand of cotton farmers, China has achieved a series innovative results in cotton harvesting technology, which has been popularized and applied in production practice. In cotton mechanized harvesting procedure, cotton bolls, stalks, leaves and other impurities would be collected at the same time. The collected cotton boll would easily died the unginned cotton by its high moisture content. Thus, the cotton quality was declined. In order to improve separating efficiency, reduce the loss of unginned cotton, and solve the problem of cotton fiber dyeing, 2 kinds of cotton-boll separation device were designed, including air-suction separation device and air-suction separation device. These 2 devices were designed based on their main elementary structures, working principle and differences between suspending velocities of different materials. Simulation analysis of mechanism aerodynamics and test verification were used by ANSYS fluent software. The experimental results showed that air-suction cotton-boll separation device was better than air-sweeping. It could increase the cotton-boll separating rate by over 20%, and reduce the cotton loss rate by 5%. These innovative study achievements in cotton-bolls separation recovery system was not only beneficial for the improvement and enhancement of comprehensive performance in all-harvest cotton-picking technology and equipment, but also was of important significance in promoting sustainable and healthy development of cotton industry in China.

Key words: cotton harvester, stripper, cotton-boll separation, boll recycling