关键词: 谷子, 增产原因, 相关性分析, 主成分分析

Abstract: Aohan County of Chifeng City in Inner Mongolia is the largest production base of high-quality foxtail millet in China. This paper carried out field planting identification on 115 foxtail millet varieties (lines) and analyzed the yield phenotypic traits. The results showed that the yields of 31 varieties (lines) were higher than that of the CK(Chigu 4). The growth period of these varieties (lines) was 106.16±5.71 d, their length of main stem was 133.97±14.85 cm, main panicle length was 27.32±4.02 cm, main panicle diameter was 29.18±5.89 mm, main panicle weight was 29.10±5.63 g, seed numbers in main panicle were 8 333.99±1 983.66, main panicle grain weight was 22.91±4.69 g, 1 000-grain weight was 2.80±0.36 g, and their yields were 7 887.41±796.60 kg/hm2. The results of variance analysis showed that the yields of 25 varieties (lines) were significantly higher than that of the CK (P<0.01), grain number and 1 000-grain weight  per panicle were significantly increased, or yield traits were synergistic improved and higher yield increase could be realized. The result of correlation and regression analysis showed that the growth period, length and diameter of main stem, number of leaf, main panicle weight, main panicle grain number and weight, and 1 000-grain weight were significantly correlated with the yield. Among them the growth period and main panicle grain number played decisive roles on yield. Principal component analysis concluded 15 phenotypic traits into 8 main vectors, and 10 varieties (lines) with higher comprehensive eveluation were selected. On the whole, the yield of Yangu 18 was the highest. The yield and comprehensive eveluation of Tie 8050, Gonggu 74, 14H758 were higher than that of the other varieties (lines).

Key words: foxtail millet, yield increase, correlation analysis, principal component analysis