关键词: 硼肥, 大豆-油菜轮作, 产量, 后效

Abstract: In order to provide guidance for rational application of boron fertilizer in soybean-oilseed rape rotation, field experiments were carried out in randomized block designation. The effects of three types of boron fertilizers, including borax (B, Na2B4O7·10H2O), Etibor-48 (EB, Na2B4O7·5H2O) and Colemanite (CB, Ca2B6O11·5H2O), on the grain yield of soybean and their residual effectiveness on the seed yield for rotated oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) were tested. Seven treatments with three boron application amounts of 0 (-B, no boron application), 1.70 kg B/hm2 (B1, EB1 and CB1, normal B application amount), and 3.40 kg B/hm2 (B2, EB2 and CB2, double of normal B application amount) were set up. Compared with -B treatment, the grain yield of soybean increased by 9.4%, 9.1% and 10.0% under the treatments of B1, EB1 and CB1 in the 1st crop, respectively. The grain yield of soybean under B2 and EB2 decreased slightly, whereas, that under CB2 increased by 9.1% comparing with that under -B treatment. There was no significant difference in the grain yield of soybean between -B and all the boron application treatments. It was indicated that the application of boron fertilizer did not increase the grain yield of the 1st crop (soybean) significantly when the hot water soluble boron (HWSB) content in the soil was 0.49 mg/kg. Basal application of these boron fertilizers significantly improved the HWSB. The seed (grain) yield in the succeeding crops of oilseed rape (the 2nd crop) and soybean (the 3rd crop) increased. Boron application increased the seed yield of the 2nd crop of oilseed rape by 7.3%~36.2%. Moreover, the increasing of the seed yield under the treatments of double normal boron application amount was more than those under the treatments of normal boron application amount. Boron application increased the grain yield of the 3rd crop of soybean by 9.0%~22.3%. The increasing of grain yield of soybean under normal boron application treatments was higher than those under the treatments of double normal boron application amount. The increasing of the grain (seed) yield of EB and CB treatments was higher than that of B in all the crops. The increasing in the grain (seed) yield of EB was more than that of CB under the normal boron application amount. However, that of CB was more than those of EB and B under the treatments of double normal boron application amount. These results provided a reference for the rational application of these different boron fertilizers in soybean-rapeseed rotation.

Key words: boron fertilizers, soybean-rapeseed rotation, seed yield, residual effectiveness