油菜秸秆纤维对水泥胶砂孔隙特征的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.1107

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究油菜秸秆纤维对硅酸盐水泥胶砂孔隙的影响及其作用机理，将处理后的油菜秸秆分别按照0、1%、2%、3%和4%质量分数的比例掺入水泥中，对不同秸秆纤维掺量水泥的标准稠度用水量及凝结时间进行测定，研究不同龄期（3、7、28 d）下油菜秸秆的掺量对水泥胶砂孔隙率和孔隙特征的影响。结果表明，随着油菜秸秆掺量的增加，水泥胶砂试块的表观密度逐渐减小，其中，当掺量为4%时，其表观密度相比基准组降低9.27%；当掺量为1%时，其孔径分布与基准组相近；当掺量为3%和4%时，两组的孔径分布相近，在龄期为28 d时，胶砂的有害孔占比分别为14.2%和15.4%，多害孔占比分别为24.15%和25.01%，与基准组相比，多害孔和有害孔增幅较大，均约为基准组的3.5倍。随着秸秆掺量的增加，水泥胶砂最可几孔径均减小；随着龄期的增加，水泥胶砂最可几孔径减小，多害孔及有害孔比例相对减少。显微形貌分析结果表明，油菜秸秆纤维掺量为1%时，与水泥界面粘接较好；掺量为3%和4%时，多害孔及有害孔增加，主要出现在秸秆纤维周围。

关键词: 油菜秸秆, 水泥胶砂, 标准稠度用水量, 凝结时间, 孔径分布, 显微形貌分析

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect and mechanism of rape straw fiber on the performance of cement mortar， the treated rape straw fiber was mixed into cement according to 0， 1%， 2%， 3% and 4%. The standard water consumptions and setting times of cement with different straw fiber ratios were determined. The influence of rape straw fiber ratio on the porosity and pore characteristics of cement mortar at different ages （3， 7 and 28 d） was studied combining with microscanning. The results showed that the apparent density of cement mortar gradually decreased with the increase of straw ratio. Compared with the control group， the apparent density of straw ratio 4% treatment decreased by 9.27%. The pore size distribution of straw ratio 1% was similar to the control group. And the pore size distributions of straw ratio 3% and 4% were similar， and the proportions of harmful holes and multiple harmful holes reached 14.2%， 15.4% and 24.15%， 25.01% at 28 d age， respectively， which were about 3.5 times of the control group. With the increase of straw ratio， the maximum aperture of cement mortar decreased. And with the increase of age， the maximum aperture of cement mortar and the proportions of harmful holes and multiple harmful holes also decreased. The micromorphology analysis showed that the straw fiber and cement were bonded better in straw ratio 1% treatment， while the muiti-harmful holes and harmful holes significant increased and mainly appeared around straw fiber in straw ratio 3% and 4% treatments.

Key words: rape straw, cement mortar, standard consistency water consumption, setting time, pore size distribution, micromorphology analysis

中图分类号:

S565.4

张繁, 谷悦, 曹琛, 刘保华. 油菜秸秆纤维对水泥胶砂孔隙特征的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(6): 189-195.

Fan ZHANG, Yue GU, Chen CAO, Baohua LIU. Effect of Rape Straw Fiber on Pore Characteristics of Cement Mortar[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(6): 189-195.

图/表 7

图1 秸秆处理A：处理前的秸秆；B：洗净后的秸秆；C：NaOH处理并烘干之后的秸秆

Fig. 1 Straw treatmentA： Straw before treatment； B： Straw after washing； C： Straw after NaOH treatment and drying

表1 水泥胶砂配比

Table 1 Mix proportion of cement mortar

秸秆掺量 Straw ratio/%	水 Water/g	标砂 Mortar/g	水泥 Cement/g	秸秆 Straw/g
0	225	1 350	450	0.0
1	225	1 350	450	4.5
2	225	1 350	450	9.0
3	225	1 350	450	13.5
4	225	1 350	450	18.0

图2 不同纤维掺量下的水泥性能注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 2 Cement performance between different straw fiber ratiosNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图3 不同纤维掺量及龄期下的孔隙率和孔径分布注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 3 Porosity and cumulative aperture distribution of different fiber ratios and curing timesNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图4 不同纤维掺量及龄期下水泥胶砂的密度注：不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。

Fig. 4 Densities of cement mortar with different fiber ratios and curing timesNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different treatments at P<0.05 level.

图5 不同纤维掺量及龄期下的最可几孔径A：28 d龄期；B：1%掺量

Fig. 5 Maximum aperture amony different fiber ratio and curing timeA： 28 d cement mortar； B： 1% fiber ratio

图6 秸秆纤维水泥胶砂试件显微结构

Fig. 6 Micro structure of straw fiber cement mortar

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