Abstract:

Shandong and Fujian are two important provinces which produce 81% of the total biomass of Saccharina japonica in China each year. However, the amounts of parental plants used for breeding, the way to raise the parental plants, the method and the substratum used to collect zoospores, the nursery time for young seedlings differ very much although both adopt the so-called "summer seedling method". One of the most significant differences is that all the breeding companies in Fujian employ the white vinylon strain as substratum, while in Shandong all the companies prefer the brown palm fiber strain. In order to assess the different effects on the seedlings with two kinds of ropes, a 45 d culture experiment was carried out in the lab. Results showed the seedlings density on the brown palm fiber dropped dramatically and the size of the sporophytes is only 50% than that on the white vinylon strain. Based on these observations it was suggested that the palm strain should be completely replaced by the white vinylon strain in breeding practice in the northern part of China.

Key words: Saccharina japonica, summer seedling method, seaweed mariculture, white vinylon strain, palm strain

摘要：

山东和福建作为两个海带养殖大省,生产了我国81%以上的海带。尽管同是采用海带夏苗工艺,但是经过几十年的生产实践,这两个省发展和使用的生产工艺在种菜蓄养、种菜数量、采苗方法、附着基以及育苗时间上存在着很多差异。其中最为显著的不同是福建所有的育苗企业都使用白色的维尼纶苗绳（简称白绳）,而山东的企业则使用棕绳。为检验这两种苗绳附苗和育苗的实际效果,在实验室进行了培育比较试验。结果表明：在同样的培养周期和环境条件下培养45 d,棕绳上孢子体数量逐渐减少,并且孢子体大小仅为白绳孢子体大小的50%。同时,考虑到苗绳材料来源的丰富程度、前期处理简易程度、经济成本以及实际育苗效果,建议我国北方地区应当全面采用白绳作为海带附着基。

关键词: 海带, 夏苗工艺, 海藻养殖, 白色维尼纶绳, 棕绳