Abstract:

To explore the effect of technological progress on temporal and spatial differences of agricultural water use efficiency under， firstly， super efficiency SBM （slacks-based measure） model was used to calculate agricultural water use efficiency of major grain producing areas in China from 2009 to 2018； secondly， the Theil index was used to analyze the regional differences of agricultural water use efficiency； finally， the panel random effected model was used to analyze the influencing factors of agricultural water use efficiency in different regions. The results showed that the agricultural water use efficiencies of 13 provinces （autonomous regions） had shown a fluctuating upward trend from 2009 to 2018. The regional differences were decreasing， and the difference within region was increasing， so， controlling the expansion of difference within region was the key to improve the efficiency of agricultural water use. Economic development level， annual precipitation， irrigation water price， the technical level of water-saving agriculture and water resource endowment had a certain impact on agricultural water use efficiency in China’s main grain producing areas， but there were differences in different regions. It provided a theoretical basis for formulating more targeted policies according to different situations of provinces， promoting the progress of water-saving agriculture and improving the agricultural water use efficiency.

Key words: agricultural water use efficiency, super efficiency SBM model, Theil index

摘要：

为探讨技术进步下农业用水效率的时空分异，首先利用超效率SBM（slacks-based measure）模型测算2009—2018年我国粮食主产区农业用水效率，其次使用泰尔指数分析农业用水效率的区域差距，最后应用面板随机效应模型分析不同地域农业用水效率的影响因素。结果表明，近年来我国粮食主产区（13个省、自治区）的农业用水效率呈现出波动上升的趋势；地区间差距在不断缩小，控制地区内部差距扩大是提升农业用水效率的关键；经济发展水平、年降水量、灌溉水价、节水农业技术水平和水资源禀赋对我国粮食主产区农业用水效率都有一定影响，但是不同地区之间存在差异。研究结果为各地区根据不同的情况制订更有针对性的政策，推进节水农业进步、提高农业用水效率，促进农业可持续发展及保障粮食安全提供了理论依据。

关键词: 农业用水效率, 超效率SBM模型, 泰尔指数