Abstract:

Distant\|water fisheries began in 1985 in China, now there were more than 1 800 distant\|water fishing vessels andoperate in 38 countries or regions in three oceans. The work mode had developed from single bottom\|trawling vessels in the beginning to multiple fishing vessels such as trawling, purse seining, hook fishing, gill netting and other fishing vessels etc.. Fishing gear and fishing technology developed very fast. 20 years ago, Chinas distant\|water fisheries mainly imitated technology from abroad, but now, China already have the capability of independent innovation. This paper introduced the mainly fishing gear used in Chinas distant\|water fisheries and the problems faced now, which were expect to give some advice for further development.

Key words: distant\, water fisheries, fishing gear, fishing technology

摘要：

我国从1985年开始发展远洋渔业，截至目前已拥有各类渔船1 800余艘，作业区域遍布三大洋及38个国家和地区。作业方式由单一的底层拖网发展至拖网、围网、钓、刺网等多种型式。渔具研发也非常迅速，也从20年前单纯引进发展至引进与自主创新并行。阐述了我国远洋渔业中几种主要渔业的渔具发展过程与存在的问题，并对我国今后远洋渔业渔具的发展趋势提出了几点建议，为我国进一步发展远洋渔业提供参考。

关键词: 远洋渔业；渔具；捕捞技术