Abstract:

Lipases represent the most important class of enzymes used in industry. The enzymes originating from Pseudomonas and Burkholderia species are wildly used. But a huge energetic barrier traps kinetically disable lipases in folding state to fold rightly. Research found that these enzymes were usually encoded in an operon together with a second gene, which coded for a lipase-specific-foldase, Lif. It is necessary for obtaining enzymatically active lipase. Lifs are so-called steric chaperones, which exert their physiological function by lowering energetic barriers when folding their cognate lipases, thereby providing essential steric information needed for folding lipases into their enzymatically active conformation. In this review, we elaborated the discovery, classification, mechanism, and perspective for application.

Key words: bacteria lipase, lipase specific foldase, steric chaperone, protein folding

摘要：

细菌脂肪酶是一类重要的工业用酶,尤其以来源于假单孢杆菌Pseudomonas与伯克霍尔德菌Burkholderia的脂肪酶应用最为广泛。然而,这类脂肪酶折叠过程中存在一个巨大的能障而无法自发正确折叠。研究发现,这类脂肪酶的编码基因所在操纵子中往往存在一个与其折叠相关的基因,编码一种脂肪酶特异折叠酶。该类蛋白为脂肪酶的立体分子伴侣,可与脂肪酶的折叠中间体相互作用,帮助脂肪酶越过折叠过程中的能量障碍,为其获得正确构象提供必要的空间信息。详细阐述了脂肪酶特异折叠酶的发现、分类、作用机制与应用前景。

关键词: 细菌脂肪酶;脂肪酶特异折叠酶;立体分子伴侣;蛋白折叠