Abstract:

Centromeres are the important domains of chromosomes that are responsible for sister chromatid cohesion, kinetochore assembly and spindle attachment, and are essential for proper chromosome segregation during mitosis and meiosis. Satellite DNA and retrotransposons are the most abundant DNA elements found in plant centromere regions. Centromeric tandem repeat play an important role in the centromere function and genome evolution. The study of centromeric tandem repeats got great progress for the development of sequencing technology. This paper introduces the development of centromeric tandem repeat of plants.

Key words: centromere, tandem repeat, structure, function, evolution

摘要：

着丝粒是细胞染色体的重要结构组成,控制姊妹染色单体的结合、动粒的组装和纺锤丝的附着,确保真核生物细胞在有丝分裂和减数分裂过程中染色体的正常分离及遗传信息的稳定传递。植物着丝粒DNA序列主要由反转录转座子和串联重复序列构成。串联重复序列在着丝粒功能实现和基因组进化过程中起重要作用。随着测序技术的成熟,近年来对串联重复序列的研究取得了很大的进展。综述了植物串联重复序列结构、分析方法及在进化中的作用,以期为相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 着丝粒；串联重复序列；结构；功能；进化