Abstract:

It is an important part for fishing technology innovation to adopt large-size mesh substitutes to replace traditional small mesh in the trawl fisheries and to improve the performance of fishing gear. Enlarging the mesh size and improving mesh structure could reduce drag and increase vertical expansion of mesh opening, which has been widely used in production. And the applied research on trawl with large size mesh has gained valuable conclusion and great production efficiency. However, because of lacking fundamental research, fishing material and technology was still backward, and trawl design theory was inadequate in our country, the independent design and manufacture of large trawl fishing gear has not yet been implemented. This paper briefly reviewed the progress in applied research on trawls with large mesh in China from mesh size, mesh structure, fishing materials and basis of design theory, etc., expecting to provide references for upgrading the fishing techniques.

Key words: large-size mesh；trawl；fishing gear performance；mesh structure

摘要：

采用大尺寸网目替代传统的小网目以提高拖网渔具的性能是捕捞技术革新方面一项重要内容。扩大网具前部网目尺寸以及改进网目结构能够减少阻力，提高网口垂直扩张，并已获得广泛应用；我国对大网目拖网的应用研究已取得了一些有价值的结论和良好的经济效益，对模型试验方法提出了新的修订理论；但是，由于基础研究的相对不足以及渔用材料和工艺落后，我国在拖网设计理论上不够完善，尚未完全实现远洋大型拖网渔具的自主设计和制作。从网目尺寸、网目结构和渔用材料以及理论设计基础等方面简要阐述了我国大网目拖网的应用研究进展，为我国进一步提高捕捞技术提供参考。

关键词: 大网目；拖网；渔具性能；网目结构