Table of Content

15 February 2015, Volume 17 Issue 1

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Prospect and Suggestion of 3D Printing in Chinas Food Manufacture

WU Shi-jia1, ZHANG Hui2, JIA Jing-dun2*

2015, 17(1):  1-6.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.634

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1019KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Chinas food manufacture is in the quick developing period, and traditional food processing technology definitely meets revolutionary mutation due to by the development strategy of science and technology innovation. 3D printing is a new manufacturing method based on digital model file. In this paper, the application and challenge of 3D printing in Chinas food manufacture were introduced and discussed. Therefore, government and scientific research institutes were suggested to increase policy support and research strength, train professionals and strengthen the publicity in order to actively promote 3D printing technology application in food processing.

Development Trend, Problems and Countermeasures for Cold Chain Logistics Industry in China

YUAN Xue-guo1, ZOU Ping1,2, ZHU Jun1,3, WU Di1,4

2015, 17(1):  7-14.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.505

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1054KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Advanced cold chain logistics industry is an important feature of modern agriculture. With the improvement of living standards of urban and rural residents, and upgrading of technical and economic level, agricultural product cold chain logistics industry in China is booming, mainly reflected in broad market prospects, rising of third-party cold chain logistics, upgrading of infrastructure, application of new technology, and perfection of technical standards, etc.. However, there are still many restriction factors needed to eliminate, such as high cost of cold chain logistics, more attention put to refrigeration than cold chain transportation, incompatible facilities, irrational layout, low degree standardization of agricultural products, lack of technological innovation, and insufficient social recognition, etc.. This paper put forward the following policy suggestions on strengthening macro-management of cold chain logistics, establishing and expanding tracable information system for agricultural products, promoting technological innovation of cold chain logistics, strengthening propaganda of cold chain logistics knowledge, and accelerating large scale and standardized agricultural production, etc..

Progress of Brassica Crops Molecular Breeding

LIU Dong-ming, YANG Li-mei*, FANG Zhi-yuan, LIU Yu-mei, ZHUANG Mu, ZHANG Yang-yo

2015, 17(1):  15-22.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2015.051

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1102KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

As vegetable, feed and ornamental plants, Brassica crops have important economic value. With the development of the rapid development of molecular biology and genomic sciences, research on molecular breeding in Brassica crops achieved significant progresses. This paper summarized the present application and research development of molecular breeding in Brassica crops, involving molecular marker-assisted breeding, transgenic research, and molecular design breeding.Furthermore, the exiting problems of Brassica crops molecular breeding and solutions for the problems were analyzed and proposed. Those provided theoretical and practical reference for the study on molecular breeding of Brassica crops.

Research Progress on 3D Plant Visualization

LIU Dan1, ZHU Ye-ping1*, LIU Hai-long1, LI Shi-juan1, XU Jin-pu1,2

2015, 17(1):  23-31.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.579

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1616KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Plant 3D reconstruction and its visualization system based on plant physiological and ecological characteristics and morphological characteristics have vital significance for research on plant growing process and representation of natural landscape. This paper reviewed the research progress made in plant 3D modeling method and visualization system from 3 aspects: plant 3D modeling method, 3D modeling based on image and scanning data sets. This paper introduced the research results achieved on geometrical model and several plant visualization system softwares. It summarized plant 3D modeling methods and advantegies and disadventagies existing in its visualization system. The paper specially suggested that studies on coupling of physiological/ecological model with visualization of morphological model were to be perfected. Furthermore, the paper prospected the trend for plant 3D modeling method and its visualization system.

Characteristics and Expression Analysis of Transcription Factor YABBY Family in Maize

CAO Yu, LANG Zhi-hong*, WANG Lei*

2015, 17(1):  32-41.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.271

Asbtract ( )   PDF (13184KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

YABBY gene family is a class of transcription factors widely existed in spermatophyte, and involved in plant embryonic development, lateral organ differentiation, and stress response, and other biological processes. Maize YABBY family transcription factors consisted of 13 members, containing a zinc finger-like domain in N-terminal and a helix-loop-helix domain in C-terminal. qRT-PCR showed that the expression of YABBY family presented obvious tissue specificity and was higher in reproductive organ than that in nutritive organs except ZmYAB1. ZmYAB5, ZmYAB7, ZmYAB9 and ZmYAB13 had a relatively high overall expression level, whereas ZmYAB3, ZmYAB4 and ZmYAB8 were barely. When we analyzed maize YABBY family’s response reaction to stress, we discovered that in 4℃environment, the expression of ZmYAB1, ZmYAB5 and ZmYAB13 decreased sharply within 3 h treatment, whereas that of ZmYAB9 increased during 24 h treatment. For NaCl treatment, the expression of whole YABBY family increased firstly and then decreased gradually. For PEG treatment, expression of the whole YABBY family decreased. For SA treatment, the expression of ZmYAB5 and ZmYAB13 increased remarkably, that of ZmYAB1, ZmYAB6, ZmYAB7 and ZmYAB9 increased significantly within 3h treatment, and then fall back, whereas that of ZmYAB9 decreased when treated over 12 h. For ABA treatment, expression of ZmYAB1, ZmYAB2, ZmYAB6 and ZmYAB9 increased with different degrees, whereas that of ZmYAB7 and ZmYAB10 showed obvious cut trend when treated over 6 h. Expression of ZmYAB5 and ZmYAB13 increased for the overall trend. All these data confirm the function of all YABBY family members in maize.

Expression Character of Rice SUPERNUMERARY BRACT (OsSNB) in Response to Abiotic Stress and Hormone

ZHANG Shao-xuan1, LI Zhe2, LIU Xin1*, HUANG Rong-feng2

2015, 17(1):  42-48.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.659

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2975KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The AP2 transcription factor subfamily widely exists in plants, and plays a very important role in regulating plant development. The previous studies showed that SUPERNUMERARY BRACT (OsSNB) was a member of AP2 transcription factor subfamily containing 2 conservative AP2 domains. And OsSNB was involved in regulating the transition from spikelet meristem to floral meristem and the development of floral organ. However, it is not clear whether OsSNB is involved in abiotic stress responses. In this study,  OsSNB gene was obtained from the RAP-DB rice database. In order to investigate the role of OsSNB in abiotic stress and hormone response, sequence analysis revealed that OsSNB promoter contained multiple hormone and stress responsive cis-acting elements, including GCC-box, ABRE, DRE and WRKY. Gene express analysis showed that OsSNB gene could be duressed by abiotic stress salt, drought and induced by hormones ABA and ethylene precursor ACC. These results suggested that OsSNB gene might be involved in regulating the expression of genes responsive to stresses, implying that OsSNB might have important functions in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses.

Analysis of Salt-tolerant Ability in Transgenic Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) with AlHAK1

CHE Wen-li1,2, ZHANG Shu-ling1, WU Li-zhu3, YANG Guo-jun4, DONG Li-jun1, DU Huan

2015, 17(1):  49-56.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.568

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4143KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to obtain homogeneous transgenic line over-expressed AlHAK1 and to identify its salt tolerance, this research carried out PCR amplification and RT-PCR detection on T3 material of AlHAK1 gene, and studied the plant growth vigor, root system morphology parameter, ion content and changes in antioxidant enzyme activity under hydroponic condition. The results showed that AlHAK1 gene had been integrated into the cotton genome and expressed in transgenic lines. Under salt stress condition, the height of transgenic plant was higher than the wild type plant by 16.5% and the difference reached significant level (P＜0.05). Also, the total root length of transgenic plant root system morphology parameter, specific root length and root surface area increased by 62.23%, 40.02% and 29.22%, respectively. While the average root diameter decreased by 22.22%, and the difference reached significant level (P＜0.05). Besides, under salt stress condition the seedling of transgenic plant could maintain higher K+content, lower Na+ content and higher K+/Na+ ratio. The activities of SOD and POD were all higher than that of the wild type plant. These results further indicated that over-expression of exogenous AlHAK1 in cotton had enhanced the salt tolerance of trancegenic cotton, which provided important germplasm resources for breeding new cotton varieties that were adapted to salinity soil.

Identification of Drought Resistance in Peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） Main Cultivar in China and Analysis of its Genetic Diversity

WANG Jin, LI Yu-rong*, ZHANG Jia-nan, CHENG Zeng-shu, CHEN Si-long, SONG Ya-hui,

2015, 17(1):  57-64.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.544

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1286KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In order to evaluate the drought resistance of peanut varieties and screen drought resistant geno-types, this study selected 68 peanut varieties widely grown in China and planted them in well-watered and drought stress environments, respectively. The correlation, diversity index and clustering analysis of these materials were analyzed based on drought tolerance index of 5 agronomic traits and comprehensive appraisal D value of 2 physiological index. The results showed that the drought tolerance index of pod numbers per plant had the widest variation from 0.51~1.75 and the average coefficient of variance (CV) was 21.54%. The drought tolerance index of branch numbers had the smallest CV of 13.55%. Under different water stress, the grain yield stablity was affected by the numbers of branch, bearing branch, bearing node, pods per plant, chlorophyll content and canopy temperature. The variation range of different traits diversity indices were from 1.67~2.09. The experimental materials were clustered into 4 groups, theⅠ group showed the strongest tolerance to drought and the Ⅲ group displayed the poorest drought tolerance. The varieties named Jihua 2 and Jihua 4, Fenghua 1, Huayu 20, Tianfu 11 and Kainong 8 had better drought resistance. The identification of varieties drought resistance would provide basis for selecting drought resistant parents in breeding.

Research Progress on Tobacco Glycoside Substances

WANG Lin1, ZHU Jin-feng2, XU Zi-cheng1*, WU Yan-hui1, ZHANG Jing-hua1

2015, 17(1):  65-70.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.317

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1137KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

As tobacco flavor precursors, glycoside substances plays a significant role in cigarette flavoring. The influences of tobacco variety, leaf part, modulation, processing technology and ecological environments on glycoside substances were summarized based on their type, character and function. The paper also expounded the analysis measuring method and biosynthetic pathways of glycoside substances. It was suggested that more emphasis should be put on studying the influences of various factors on glycoside substances, and more effort should be put on exploring the application of glycoside substances in tobacco production, so as to provide theoretical basis for enhancing cigarettes aroma quality.

Cloning and Function Analysis of a BdTOR Gene from Brachypodium distachyon

LI Chao, ZHANG Rui, REN Mao-zhi, WANG Yuan, SUN Guo-qing, MENG Zhi-gang, ZHOU Ta

2015, 17(1):  71-77.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.227

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3871KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

TOR, a master regulator, is evolutionarily conserved among yeast, plant, animal and human. It can promote cell proliferation and growth through integrating nutrient and energy signaling. A 7 401 bp gene BdTOR was cloned from Brachypodium distachyon, which code a 2 466 aa protein, and had conservative domains like HEAT repeats, FAT domain, FRB domain, kinase domain, FATC domain. Real-Time PCR showed that the relative expression level of BdTOR in Brachypodium distachyon was young ear > young seedling > root > leave > stem. BdTOR and its kinase domain located in Arabidopsis protoplasts cell nuclear and cytoplasmic, and it was compartmentalization in cytoplasmic. BdTOR had the functions of promoting root and leaf growth, increasing plant biomass, and improving growth rate. Overexpression of BdTOR in BP12, a line over expressed ScFKBP12, could recover the inhibition by rapamycin. BdTOR can be interacted with ScFKBP12 under the treatment of rapamycin.

Research Progress on RNA Chaperone Hfq in Bacteria

WANG Wei1,2, ZHAN Yu-hua2, YANG Zhi-min1,2, HOU Ming-sheng1*, YAN Yong-liang2*

2015, 17(1):  78-86.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.738

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2615KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The RNA chaperone Hfq is widely distributed in bacteria and first discovered in Escherichia coli as a necessary host factor required for Qβ bacteriophage replication. Deletion of hfq can affect pleiotropic phenotypes, studies on microbial metabolism and its global regulation have been attracted much attention. A large number of studies has shown that Hfq is involved in the interaction between non-coding RNA and their target mRNAs, and resulted in affecting the stability of mRNAs, and then plays its regulatory role. This paper introduced the protein structure of Hfq, the typical phenotypes of hfq mutant; and documented the molecular mechanism of Hfq for metabolic regulation and regulation of its own activity. This paper had guiding significance for comprehensive and thorough understanding Hfq proteins functional diversity and regulation mechanism in microorganism.

Progress on Magnaporthe oryzae Infection Process Related to Signaling Pathways

YE Xing1, SUN Qun2, LIU Zhu1*

2015, 17(1):  87-94.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.347

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1657KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Magnaporthe oryzae is a typical plant pathogen. Its infection processes are mediated by a variety of signal pathways including cAMP, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and Ca2+ signal pathways. The latest research discovered that apart from cAMP and MAPK signal pathways, Ca2+ signal pathway also played an important role in M. oryzae hyphal growth, sporulation, germination, appressorium formation and phytopathogenicity. The molecular mechanism of infection processes related signal transduction of M. oryzae were reviewed based on studying these signal pathways and the related genes and proteins, aiming at providing new clues for investigating M. Oryzae pathogenisis.

Preliminary Studies on Genetic Diversity of L-arabinose Isomerase in Sheep Rumen Bacteria

ZHANG San-yan1,2, MA Rui2, SHI Peng-jun2, HUANG Huo-qing2, XU Bo1*

2015, 17(1):  95-101.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.190

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2110KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

L-arabinose isomerase catalyzes the isomerization reaction from D-galactose to D-tagatose, and has attracted more attention due to its importance in animal nutrition and food applied research. Animal rumen is a special anaerobic environment, and ruminal microorganisms contain large amounts of novel genes that code for polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. This study primarily analyzed the genetic diversity of L-arabinose isomerase in sheep rumen bacteria. Using the metagenome of rumen content extracted 4 h after feeding as template, 61 L-arabinose isomerase gene fragments with 68%~98% identities and known sequences were obtained by PCR amplification with specific degenerate primers and restriction enzyme digest. Of them, 38 distinct sequences (<95% identity) were subjected to clustering analysis. The results showed that the L-arabinose isomerase genes from Prevotella ruminicola were found to be predominant (36/38) in sheep rumen, and those from Catonella morbid and Marinilabilia salmonicolor (2/38) were minor. This study has not only enriched the genetic resources of L-arabinose isomerase, but also determined the importance of Prevotella in sheep rumen.

Gene Cloning, Expression and Characterization of cotA, a Laccase from Bacillus subtilis

YU Xiao-xia, LIU Xiao-qing, TIAN Jian, WU Ning-feng*

2015, 17(1):  102-108.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.415

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2447KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

As a multicopper oxidase, laccase is important for its applications in industries such as environmental protection, biological energy, food industry, and paper biobleaching. In this paper, full-length sequence of cotA gene from 168 strains of Bacillus subtilis was cloned by PCR amplification. The size of the laccase gene cotA is 1 542 bp, consisting of one open reading frame, which encodes a polypeptide of 513 amino acids and a termination codon. The cotA gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli Transetta (DE3) under microaerobic conditions. The recombinant protein CotA was purified by Ni-NTA column and characterized. The optimal temperature and pH of CotA were 60℃ and 4.5, respectively. This enzyme showed better thermostability at 60℃. There was still 71.70% residual enzyme activity after 90 min heat preservation. Under the optimum reaction condition, the Km, kcat and Vmax of purified recombinant protein CotA with ABTS as the substrate were approximate 63.9±5 μmol/L, 39.1±1 /s and 0.005 μmol/L·min·mg, respectively. Moreover, the specific activity of recombinant protein CotA under microaerobic conditions was 2 655.4-fold higher than that of aerobically grown cells. Accordingly, the microaerobic fermentation method can significantly improve the specific activity of recombinant protein CotA.

Development Status and Trend Current Situation of Self-propelled Combine Harvester

CHEN Qing-wen, HAN Zeng-de*, CUI Jun-wei, WANG Guo-xin, QIAO Xiao-dong, ZHANG Zi

2015, 17(1):  109-114.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2015.042

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2240KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Vigorously developing self-propelled combine harvester is important for promoting agricultural mechanization and realizing agricultural modernization in our country. At present, the self-propelled combine harvester is mainly with medium and small size, and the large size one develops very slowly. It is of great significance to study and develop self-propelled combine harvester with over 10 kg/s feed rate for agricultural mechanization. This paper firstly introduced the current situation of abroad self-propelled combine harvester development, and point out that their development trend was developed gradually towards the direction of fully automated harvest with high efficiency, high quality, high intelligence, and high comfortable. Then it introduced the current development status of self-propelled combine harvester at home, and point out that the self-propelled combine harvester was still mainly with medium and small size in China, and the research and develoment of self-propelled combine harvester with large feed rate were still in its starting stage. Through comparison, the paper concluded that there was still big gap between our country and foreign countries. Finally the paper put up some suggestions for combine harvester industries and enterprises, so as to provide necessary references for future development of combine harvester in China.

Video-based Method for Plant Animation Synthesis

JIANG Yan-na1, XIAO Bo-xiang2, GUO Xin-yu1,2, YANG Bao-zhu1,2*

2015, 17(1):  115-121.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.412

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2424KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Plant animation synthesis is a research hotspot nowadays. Extraction and reconstruction of plant motion information are basic and key works in computer to realize efficient and realistic plant animation synthesis. Taking maize as research object, video sequence of real plant motion  was captured and converted into image sequences and then several key frames were selected. By studying digital image processing algorithms, image foreground object was extract,  and a clear and complete binary skeleton image of plant was get through thinning and deburring the target. Based on the plant skeleton images, an approach to extract plant animation feature points data were proposed. Finally the extracted plant animation feature points were mapped to 3 dimensional plant models and data-driven plant animation synthesis was  realized. These experimental results showed the validity and effectiveness of this method.

Preliminary Discussion on the Design of Coding Rules in Product Traceability of Beef Cattle

YANG Liang1, YANG Zhen-gang2, XIONG Ben-hai1*

2015, 17(1):  122-127.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.324

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2223KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The establishment of quality safety traceability system for beef cattle and its cutting products is an important technical means to meet the consumers right to know, to choose and to realize the government supervision. Considering beef cattles are mainly scatter feeding in China,  the traceability for main responsibility is particularly important. Therefore, farm or farmer information code was added to beef individual 15 bit code. This code was not only compatible with the 67 orders by Ministry of Agriculture, but also gave a new definition to the laler 8 coding bits. In addition, the electronic identification, first coding and the database to record the association relationship between electronic identification codes and cattle are effective coding and marking methods for large-scale cattle farms. For  beef products identification, the European Logistics coding rules of EAN·UCC 32 bar code was adopted, which could meet the requirement for beef product entering the international logistics market, or use the user-defined 22 bit terminal division code (beef product sourcing code). In conclusion, beef end products could be reverse traced to the slaughtering and feeding stage by the establishment of the bridge between computer system and slaughtered cattle individuals or subgroups through product sourcing code.

Identification of Bifidobacterium longum from Centenarians&rsquo|Faeces and Manufacture of Fermented Carrot Juice

GUO Xiu-feng, WEI Yun-lu, WANG Yang, CHEN Xi, ZHENG Hai-tao, LI Ping-lan*

2015, 17(1):  128-136.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.460

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1735KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To study and develop a new kind of functional fermented beverage, we identified a strain isolated from Centenarians’ faeces as Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum Blm by physiological, biochemical, 16S rRNA and tuf analysis. Then we used the strain to ferment carrot juice and optimized the components and the fermentation conditions by L9(34) orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the optimum ratio of carrot and water was 1∶3, the best concentration of defatted milk and sucrose was 5% and 2%, respectively. The optimal inoculum concentration, fermentation temperature and initial pH was 5%, 37℃ and 6.8, respectively. In this condition, the viable cell numbers could reach up to 1010 CFU/mL. The vitamin B1, B2, B6 and B12 contents of the beverage after fermentation were increased to 264 μg/g, 10.3 μg/g, 220 μg/g and 21.4 μg/g, respectively, significantly higher than those before fermentation. The fermented carrot juice has high viable cell numbers, rich vitamin and amino acids contents. Besides, its sensory quality is good and has the potential to be developed as a beverage with living bacterium.

Studies on Simulation of Winter Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Growth and Yield Under Water-logging Stress at Anthesis

CAO Hong-xin1, YANG Tai-ming2, JIANG Yue-lin3, LIU Rui-na2, ZHANG Jian-jun2, GE

2015, 17(1):  137-145.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.395

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1534KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Water-logging is a kind of meteorological disasters in rapeseed production areas in the Yangze River valley. In order to quantitatively study the rapeseed growth and yield under water-logging condition, to forecast and control the effect of waterlogging on rapeseed at anthesis, this study took ZP4 and HYZ16 as experimental materials, analyzed the influence rule of waterlogging at anthesis on repeseed growth and yield; put forward waterlogging impact factors including above ground dry weight per plant, yield and yield components; initiatively constructed models for above ground dry weight per plant, yield, and yield components for ZP4. The water-logging impact factor for dry weight of per plant was the quadratic equation, and that for yield of per plant was the logarithm equation. The results of pot experiment utilizing water control showed that the correlation (r), average absolute difference (da), the ratio of da to average observation (dap), and the RMSE value of simulation and observation in rapeseed above ground dry weight per plant, and yield per plant for HYZ16 were 0.949 9, 0.89 g/plant, 4.55%, and 1.09 g; and 0.920 1, 789 g/plant, 39.02%, and 8.58 g/plant. Only the simulation for the above ground dry weight per plant was precise, the precisity for yield per plant was low, indicating that the water-loging at anthesis under field condition was different from that under pot condition. The models developed in this paper can be combined with the rapeseed growth model developed previousely, and thus be used in predicting rapeseed growth and yield with water-logging at anthesis after further validating and obtaining regional and site weather forecast, and model parameters.

Factors Affecting Polyphenol Content of Hongda Flue-cured Tobacco Produced in Qujing and their Influences on Sensory Quality of Smoking

WANG Yu-jun1,2, ZHOU Ji-heng1,2*, LI Qiang2, PENG Kui3, SONG Hang3, ZENG Min3, S

2015, 17(1):  146-152.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.184

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1043KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To better understand the aroma characteristics of Hongda tobacco variety in Qujing of Yunnan Province, this study took flue-cured tobacco in C3F level as material, and measured the contents of chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin of 636 flue-cured tobacco varieties with HPLC method. This study also analyzed and commpared the polyphenolic contents of different varieties, producing areas, altitudes, terrains and soil types. The results indicated that: ①The averaged polyphenol content of Hongda flue-cured tobacco was 37.65 mg/g, among which the contents of chlorogenic acid, rutin and scopoletin were 23.97 mg/g, 13.58 mg/g and 0.09 mg/g, respectively. ②The chlorogenic acid and polyphenol contents of Hongda variety were significantly higher than those in other varieties. ③The polyphenol content in flue-cured tobacco planted in different natural environment exhibited significant or extreme significant differences. Among different producing areas, the polyphenol content in Huize was the highest, and that in Luliang was the lowest. Among different altitudes, the contents of chlorogenic acid, rutin, scopolet, and total polyphenol in varieties planted at low altitude were significantly higher than those planted at medium or high altitude. Among different tarrains, the contents of chlorogenic acid and total polyphenol of flue-cured tobacco planted near the river channel were significantly higher than that planted at other terrains, and that of flue-cured tobacco planted at purple soil were extreme significantly higher than that planted at other agrotypes. ④The result from analysis of grey correlation indicated that polyphenol content could mainly influence the index of sensory smoking quality, such as ash color, impact and fullness and thickness.

Research Progress on Fishery Eco-environment Field

LI Dan, XU Rui-yong*, SUN Zhao-ning, ZHONG Ru-jie

2015, 17(1):  153-159.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.338

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1061KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In the past decade, learning from foreign countries experience, China has studied and developed environmental monitoring sensor technology; constructed fisheries eco-environment monitoring network; carried out studies on red tide, etc. environmental disaster early warning technology. Besides, our country has explored the water pollution effect on ecological system structure and function, toxicity of pollutants; the habitat restoration and wild species protection and recovery measures; and has gained remarkable progress on key emergency handling technology such as handling oil spill, chemical pollutants and heavy metals pollution accident, etc.. In view of the present policy orientation and research hot spot, the paper suggested to pay more attention to the construction of large scale national environment monitoring data network; to study on disaster early warning mechanism, biological strychnos of pollutents and their genetic variation rule at molecular level, and water environmental restoration and healthy aquaculture strategy, etc., so as to establish a solid foundation for the sustainable development of fishery in China.

Progress and Application Status on Trawls with Large-size Mesh in China

WANG Yong-jin1,2, ZHANG Yu1, XU Guo-dong1, YUE Dong-dong1, ZHANG Xun1*

2015, 17(1):  160-166.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.332

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1458KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

It is an important part for fishing technology innovation to adopt large-size mesh substitutes to replace traditional small mesh in the trawl fisheries and to improve the performance of fishing gear. Enlarging the mesh size and improving mesh structure could reduce drag and increase vertical expansion of mesh opening, which has been widely used in production. And the applied research on trawl with large size mesh has gained valuable conclusion and great production efficiency. However, because of lacking fundamental research, fishing material and technology was still backward, and trawl design theory was inadequate in our country, the independent design and manufacture of large trawl fishing gear has not yet been implemented. This paper briefly reviewed the progress in applied research on trawls with large mesh in China from mesh size, mesh structure, fishing materials and basis of design theory, etc., expecting to provide references for upgrading the fishing techniques.

Studies on Enhancing Thermostability of Methyl Parathion Hydrolase by Combinatorial Mutagenesis

LUO Xiao-liang1§, GU Xing-lu2§, TIAN Jian1, CHU Xiao-yu1*, WU Ning-feng1

2015, 17(1):  167-172.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.734

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2441KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The methyl parathion hydrolase (MPH-Och) from Ochrobactrum sp. M231 exhibits better catalytic activity than other MPHs. In order to increase enzyme thermostability, 3 different strategies were used with combinatorial mutagenesis. As a result, the T50 of the mutant enzyme MPHM7 was approximately 65℃. The temperature was 5℃ higher than that of MPHM4, the mutant with 4 point mutations (S274Q/T183E/K197L/S192M). At the same time, the catalytic capacity (kcat/Km) of MPHM7 was up to 3.8-fold of MPHM4. The success of these design methodology for MPH suggested that it was an efficient strategy for enhancing thermostability and it had additivity property. This study had provided a new thought for molecular designing to improve enzyme protein thermostability.

Assessment of Animal Disease Prevention Strategy

HUANG Ze-ying, WANG Ji-min*

2015, 17(1):  173-179.  DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.619

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1192KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Because of the negative externality and publicity of animal epidemic diseases, it is necessary to adopt prevention and control measures. Assessment of these prevention and control strategies is helpful for understanding the cost effectiveness and providing reference to improve these strategies. Currently review articles in this area are only few, and their width and depth are insuficient. This paper summarized systematically the present status and trends of current studies, and found that those studies included 3 parts  such as assessment of overall animal disease prevention and control strategies, assessment of specific animal disease prevention and control strategies, the effect contrast among different animal disease prevention and control strategies and optimization of prevention and control strategies, which mainly took cost benefit analysis as theoretical framework. However, there were few reasearchs on follow-up assessment of the latest strategies and  selective criteria for optimization scheme. Besides, the research method, analytical insight and theoretical framework could still be innovated. According to the requirements for precise assessment on animal disease prevention and control strategy, the future research should lay emphasis on evaluation of stochastic dynamic epidemic prevention strategy and dynamic optimization. Economic model of epidemiology, which combined epidemiology and economics, would be the mainstream of future study method. Due to the evaluation strategy was involved in institusion prospect, try to establish institutional economics theory framework might be able to meet the needs of present studies.