Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

Development Direction of Agricultural Science and Technology
in China During New Era and Important Proposition Analysis

LU Jian\|zhong

2014, 16(6): 1-6. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.240

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According to the development situation of agriculture and agricultural science and technology, this paper analyzed the motive forces for their development, and pointed out that the leading direction for agricultural science and technology development in China in the next 10~20 years is leading technology and quiding technology. According to the development direction of agriculture and agricultural science and technology, the urgent tasks at present were overal laying, organizing, implementing a group of important propositions for agricultural science and technology, constructing a mechanism for joint collaberation and task force research, so as to promote the stride leap development, and to strongly support the sustainable development of modern agriculture.

The Role of Alfalfa on the Maintenance of Food Security in China

HE Feng, XIE Kai\|yun, WAN Li\|qiang, LI Xiang\|lin*

2014, 16(6): 7-13. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.128

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In the recent over 20 years, food diatery structure for Chinese residents has changed greatly. Grain ration consumption on residents dietary is gradually declining, and the proportion of feed grain in the total food is increasing year by year. Residents meat consumption is steadily growing, especially for beef, mutton, poutry and dairy products. Changes in residents’ dietary structure require the relative adjustment on Chinas traditional grain planting structure. As a legume grass, Alfalfa can not only guarantee the development of animal husbandry, but also play an important role in soil improvement. Under the background of plant industry structure adjustment, from the present situation of food security in China and the plight facing food security, this paper expounded the advantages and existing problems of bring alfalfa into current crop rotation system in the premise of ensuring food security, and foreseed the possible risks, and also provided some solving measures.

Expression of Arabidopsis thaliana Serine Hydroxymethy\|
ltransferase in E.coli and Enzyme Activity Measurment

JIANG Jing\|jing, ZHANG Chun\|yi, JIANG Ling*

2014, 16(6): 14-20. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.168

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AtSHM1 gene which encoding SHMT protein was cloned in mitochondria from the leaf of Arabidopsis thaliana, inserted it into pET\|26b (+) expression vector, and successfully expressed in Escherichia coli. After optimizing the expressive condition, the soluble AtSHMT protein was obtained. This protein was successfully purified by affinity chromatography method. Km and Vmax value of this enzyme were 121 μmol and 21.8 μmol/L·min, respectively. AtSHMT could catalyze DL\|3\|Phenylserine to produce benzaldehyde, which had strong absorbance at 279 nm. We measured the light absorption value of the reaction product, and tested the enzyme activity of AtSHMT according to standard curve of benzaldehyde. Therefore this research developed a simple, fast and safe method to measure the enzyme activity of AtSHMT.

Studies on Diurnal Variations of Photosynthetic Characteristics and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Different Clones of Ulmus pumila cv. ‘Zhonghua jinye’

2014, 16(6): 21-27. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.364

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In order to study the differences in character and photosynthetic among the different clones, and then develop excellent clone, the 3 years grafted seedlings of different clones selected and developed from the generation of Golden Ulmus pumila were used as materials and female parent Ulmus pumila cv. ‘Zhonghua jinye’ as control. The morphologyical characteristics and the diurnal variations of photosynthetic and fluorescence paramaters were studied. The results showed that there were significant differences on morphologyical characteristics among different clones and control. The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomata conductance (Gs) and internal cellular CO2 concentration (Ci) were different. The mean net photosynthetic rate of one day from big to small was clone C (12.35μmol/m2·s） > control（11.99μmol/m2·s）> clone B（11.98μmol/m2·s）> clone A（1080 μmol/m2·s）,which explained that the clone C developed quickly and clone A slowly on theory. There were differences on diurnal variation of Fo, Fm and Fv/Fm among different clones and control. The values of both Fm and Fv/Fm drop first and then rose again, indicating that photosynthetic activity was only temporarily inhibited while the photosynthetic organs were not damaged. The ability of tolerant to photoinhibition of the different clones was different. Clone A was strongest inhibited and clone C was inhibited most lightly.

Expression of Core Neutralizing Epitope Gene of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus in Maize

MAN Kun1,2§, YANG Bing1§, XUE Jing1§, QIN Xiang\|jie1,2, ZHOU Hong\|zhuan1, XU F

2014, 16(6): 28-35. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.362

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The core neutralizing epitope gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV\|COE) was expressed in maize（Zea may L.）bioreactor. The COE gene was introduced into the maize inbred line and stable lines highly expressing PEDV\|COE were obtained. Firstly, the coding sequence of the COE gene was optimally modified according to the codon usage bias in maize. Then a synthetic COE gene was cloned into the plant expression vector pBAC9036. Following callus induction, plant regeneration 71 converted regenerated plants were obtained. Through field glyphosate resistance selection, 2 stable T1 transgenic corn lines were obtained. The result of PCR, RT\|PCR, indirect ELISA and Western blot, etc. indicated that the recombinant COE protein constituted up to 0.122% and 0078% of the total soluble protein was transcripted in the seed of transgenic maize. Finally, the soluble proteins extracted from the seed of transformed plants were emulsified with Freunds adjuvant and immunized mice by subcutaneous injection route, and the extracts was fed directly to mice for oral immunization. The immunized mice developed specific serum antibody against PEDV comparing with that of the non\|transgenic maize group. These results demonstrated that transgenic maize could not only express the COE polypeptides, but also induce specific antibody against PEDV in mice. Thus, it has laid a solid foundation for R&D of PEDV\|COE transgenic maize vaccine.

Preliminary Research on Resistance to Virus of Chenopodium amaranticolor NDR1

GONG Qian\|yuan, ZHANG Chao, WU Hua\|nian, LI Wei\|min, ZHANG Yong\|qiang*

2014, 16(6): 36-43. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.059

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CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b , 2 Arabidopsis NDR1 homologous genes were cloned from Chenopodium amaranticolor to confirm their subcellular location, gene expresion, and analyze their resiutance to virus infection, thus providing a technological basis for transgenic disease resistance breeding. According to the previous results of transcriptome sequencing, CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b were cloned by RT\|PCR. Then their gene expression level after virus infection was analyzed through Real\|time PCR. The plant transient expression vectors were constructed, and CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b were found locating on cell membrane. The transgenic tobacco were obtained. T1 plant’s resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) by enzyme\|linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Bio\|informatic analysis revealed that CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b were sharing a striking similarity with Arabidopsis NDR1. CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b were up\|regulated remarkably after Chenopodium amaranticolor inoculated by TMV and CMV. CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b were located in the cell membrane, which was not affected by virus infection. ELISA result showed that the resistance of part transgenic lines to TMV and CMV was reinforced. This study indicated that CaNDR1a and CaNDR1b were functional orthologs of Arabidopsis NDR1 and played a role in plant endogenous immune response.

Identification of SCAR Molecular Marker Technology among Ganoderma lucidum Strains

2014, 16(6): 44-51. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.339

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Ganoderma lucidum is an important medical fungi and has wide varieties. At present, the edible fungus management system is not yet perfect, so it is an urgent need to establish an effective way for rapid identification of Ganoderma lucidum strains to stable strains quality. Based on SRAP (sequence\|related amplified polymorphism) analysis on cultivated strains of Ganoderma lucidum, specific SRAP marker bands belonged to several tested strains were converted into more stable SCAR (sequence characterized amplified region) markers. Seventeen SCAR markers were obtained and 23 strains were classified into 4 groups using clustering analysis under genetic distance of 0.63, and among them 19 strains were belonged to one group under the distance value of 050. Multiple markers comprehensive identification method for Ganoderma lucidum strains was established through combining usage of 9 SCAR markers, and the tested 23 strains were effectively identified. This showed that SCAR molecular markers could well explain the genetic relationship between Ganoderma lucidum strains, and it was a rapid, stable and accurate method to identify Ganoderma lucidum strains.

Heterologous Expression, Purification and Characterization of Thermo-stable 6-phosphate-β-glucosidase TteBglB

LIU Qing1,2§, ZHANG Yu-wei2§, ZHANG Yu-hong2, XU Xin-xin2, ZHANG Wei2, LIU Bo

2014, 16(6): 52-58. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.529

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6-phosphate-β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.86), an enzyme catalyzes 6-phosphate-glucoside compounds (such as 6-phosphate-cellobiose, 6-phosphate-cellulose oligosaccharides) to produce 6-phosphate-glucose, plays an important role in carbon utilization for microbes. Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis MB4, a strain of thermophilic anaerobic microorganism, is an excellent resource for thermo-stable protein. In this study, gene TtebglB was isolated from this strain and then heterologously expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3). The optimum pH and temperature of TteBglB were pH 6.0 and 70℃, respectively, and the enzyme kept stable at a pH 4~10 at 70℃. Additionally, it was also confirmed that TteBglB belonged to glycosyl hydrolase family 1 (GH1) and could act without Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Fe2+ and other divalent metal ions. Using pNPβG6P as substrate, the values of Km, Kcat, and Vmax for this enzyme was 0.054 mmol/L, 81.47/min and 0.003 992 mmol/min, respectively, and specific activity of the enzyme reached to 18093 U/mg.

Research Progress on Positional Selectivity of Enzymatic Synthesis of Structured Lipid

LIU Si\|lei1, LIU Wei2, DONG Xu\|yan1*, WEI Fang1, LV Xin1, ZHONG Juan1, CHEN Ho

2014, 16(6): 59-67. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.267

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Fatty acids (FAs) composition, length of the carbochain and number of the double bonds in the triacylglycerols (TAGs) are key factors affecting oil and fats physicochemical proprieties and nutritional values. The location distribution of FAs in the glycerol affects the physiological functions and nutritional values of structured lipids (SLs). With the development of the functional lipids, studies on SLs received more concern. This paper summarized the influencing factors on FAs acylate position selectivity of SLs enzymatic synthesis, and laid emphasis on evaluating the catalytic specificity of lipase, reaction media and different physical assisted conditions. Meanwhile, the paper introduced the analytical and detection methods for FAs acylate position on TAG and forecasted the development prospect of SLs enzymatic synthesis on above basis.

Studies on Seed Intelligent Equipment Industry

WU Jian\|wei1,2, LU Da\|wen3, MING Bo2, LI Zhi\|jun4, HAN Xiang4, YANG Bao\|zhu1

2014, 16(6): 68-73. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.319

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According to the present situation of Chinas intelligent equipment industry in seed, this paper compared and analyzed the conditions of domestic and abroad seed intelligent equipment industry from breeding research and development, phenotype and environment data collection, field experiment test, and commercial breeding 4 aspects. Correlation analysis in 4 areas for research scope and boundary on industrial chain, SWOT, market demand factors and technical barriers were also conducted, which were induced to 2 categories, 15 industrial target elements 5 links and 28 points of industry goal direction. Thus, the paper provided theoretical basis for the development of Beijing seed intelligent equipment industry; given intellectual support for realizing the industrialization, accurization and intelligentialization of seed industry production and management in China.

Development and Utilization of Digital Network Platform for Large\|scale Dairy Farm

YANG Liang1, YANG Zhen\|gang2, LV Jian\|qiang1, LUO Qing\|yao1, XIONG Ben\|hai1*

2014, 16(6): 74-80. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.230

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In osder to realize digital management for large scale beef farm and improve breeding efficiency and genetic progress of beef cattle, based on beef cattle production management process from pregnancy, calving, nursing, dry until to the next reproduction circle, this study devided beef cattle growth stage into calve, heifer, fattening cattle to adult cattle, etc. types, and adopted .Net and SQL Server 2008 network digital technology to construct large scale beef cattle farm including reproduction, calving, feeding and nutrition, etc. digital management and intellgent analysis platform. Thus, the remote network digital management on essential part of beef cattle reproduction and fattening production was realized. It mainly included calving interval, parity structure, pedigree tracing and information card per cattle,etc. online dynamic analysis, directional sorting and output of data, and intelligent alert for various production events as cows’ estrus, pregnancy test, claving, weaning, cattle herd transfer, elimination and etc., and also many visual statistical and graphic analysis of various reproductive and lactating parameters. All these data mining and analysis have upgraded the use value of essential data, which was more favorable for large scale beef cattle farm manager to make scientific decision.

Study on Returning Machine of Rice High Straw for Quickly Rotted

GE Yi\|yuan1, WANG Jin\|wu2*, LI Ya\|qin1, WEI Tian\|lu1

2014, 16(6): 81-88. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.401

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In order to adapt to the mechanization of rice straw returning to field operations in cold area of northeast, burying device be consisted of returning machete with high straw sliding the drag reduction characteristics and the straw evenly and applied into the stalk rot agent straw carding\|rot agent applying device was designed. Using the orthogonal rotation design method to design the experiment scheme, the influence of the forward speed of the machine, cutter roller speed, returning the depth on the traction resistance were detected, and then a traction resistance model was built. The machine had the optimal combination parameters when the machine forward speed was 1.4 km/h, the cutter roller speed was 210 r/min and returning depth was 10 cm. The affecting resistance of factors order were cutter roller speed >the machine forward speed> returning depth.

Design and Realization of Special Animal Disease Free Zone Management Information System Based on ASP.NET

SUN Ying\|ze, HU Jing, SHEN Shi, CHEN Bai\|song, GE Chang\|shui, OUYANG Hai\|yin

2014, 16(6): 89-95. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.193

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Management information system is seldom used in disease monitoring, report, early warning, data analysis and assistant decision in special animal disease free zone in China. Specify various data of production and management activities, clear up the information transmission process in aquaculture production and disease monitor 2 major activities, a special animal disease free zone management information system was established. This system included data of production process, epidemiology survey, pathogen monitoring and disease immune management in aquaculture. The user could use different managing function according to their own roles in the system, store the data according to different kinds and share the data in the system by their attribute, and realize modern management in special animal disease free zone assisted by information technology. The system belonged to WEB management information system and used B/S net structure, the programming codes created by the UCML, which was a frame\|type development platform. The user input and managed their data through internet. Their data management authority was decided by 4 user roles and 5 management levels. A convenient data management way was assisted by a flexible data sharing function, and a special database based on SQL Server database technology was established.

Design and Realization of Virtual Education Training System for Sugarcane Cultivation Based on Unity3D

WU Sheng, GUO Xin\|yu*, HE Yi, WEN Wei\|liang, WANG Xiao

2014, 16(6): 96-102. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.229

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China is one of the largest sugarcane cultivation countries. Education training courses for sugarcane cultivation is conducted in vocational colleges of agriculture and forestry universities. On account of the shortcomings of the conventional sugarcane education and training, such as long cycles, high costs, boring teaching methods, few practice opportunities, etc., we carried out studies on key technology of sugarcane interactive virtual simulation, sugarcane growth modeling, sugarcane planting real\|time visualization simulation, etc. Method for designing sugarcane virtual education training system based on timing driven was provided, taking the concept of “watching animation, learning knowledge, playing games, and mastering skill” throughout the whole teaching process. Thus, taking Unity3D as a development platform, we realized the virtual display of sugarcane growth cycle and interactive experience function. This system took virtualization to reform the traditional education, and provided new teaching ideas for modern vocational and technical education in agriculture, thus had comprehensive upgrading of the students’ technical skill level.

Tolerance Survey of Escherichia coli Isolated from pig to Antimicrobial Drugs in Karamay City of Xinjiang

GAO Juan, XIA Li\|ning*, XIA Xu\|jin, CHENG Wei\|hua

2014, 16(6): 103-108. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.284

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In order to investigate the drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from pig manuer of large\|scale pig farm and local farmers piggeries on commonly used antimicrobial drugs in Baijiantan region of Karamay City, Xinjiang, this experiment conducted test with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of antimicrobial drugs on these isolates by broth micro\|dilution method. The results showed that 701 Escherichia coli were isolated from 703 fecal samples (including 549 isolates from large\|scale pig farm and 152 isolates from farmers piggeries). The isolated Escherichia coli were highly resistant to ampicillin and amoxicillin / clavulanic by over 77.0%. These isolates were very sensitive to amikacin. Their tolerant rate reached 11.1%. Isolates tolerant to 3 or more than 3 antimicrobial drugs accounted for 17.0%. In this region, the tolerance of pig Escherichia coli to commonly used antimicrobial drugs was very serious, so in clinical treatment of bacterial diseases, the use of insensitive antimicrobial drugs should be avoid. The tolerant rate of Escherichia coli isolated from large\|scale pig farm was lower than that from the farmers piggeries.

Comparison of Nitrogen Loss Between Controlled Release Urea and Common Urea in Vegetable Soils at Chaihe Catchment of Dianchi Lake

2014, 16(6): 109-116. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.182

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At Chaihe catchment of Dianchi Lake, application of fertilizer in vegetable soils exerted negative influence on water body due to discharge of nitrogen (N) from vegetable land via nitrogen leaching, runoff and ammonia volatilization and subsequent deposition. Pot experiment was carried out to compare the loss of nitrogen via leaching and ammonia volatilization when applying 2 nitrogen sources (CU: common urea and CRU: controlled release urea) with different rates (0 mg N/kg soil, 280 mg N/kg soil, 320 mg N/kg soil and 400 mg N/kg soil) of N supply. The results showed that N loss in soil was significantly greater via leaching than via ammonia volatilization irrespective of N sources and application rates. There was no significant difference in ammonia volatilization between CU and CRU, and the cumulative ammonia volatilization in treatments of 320 mg N/kg soil and 280 mg N/kg soil accounted for 3.64% and 3.57% in supplied CU respectively, while accounted for 3.64% and 2.78% in supplied CRU respectively. However, the leaching loss of N was significantly greater in CU treatment than that in CRU treatment, and the leaching loss of N in treatments of 320 mg N/kg soil and 280 mg N/kg soil accounted for 14.38% and 14.46% in supplied CU respectively, while accounted for 11.60% and 8.37% in supplied CRU respectively. The leaching loss of N decreased with reduced application rate of supplied CRU. However, no obvious difference of N leaching loss among rates of CRU supplied was found. The decrease of nitrogen loss in supplied CRU is mainly attributed to the decrease of N leaching, rather than ammonia volatilization. Therefore, the NO3-\|N leaching may be the main pathway for transportation of N from vegetable soils to water body in Chaihe catchment. The lower application rate of CRU might have a practical influence on reducing risk of eutrophication in Dianchi Lake.

Progress of Air Fertilizer Photobioreactor of Microalgae

SUN Zhi\|lan1, HUANG Yun1,2, CHEN Yi\|feng1*

2014, 16(6): 117-123. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.420

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Microalgae can utilize the high\|dose CO2 in the flue gases, through which the biomass and oil content of microalgae were improved significantly and carbon emission was also reduced. However, the low solubility of carbon dioxide in water has been the bottleneck of high\|dose CO2 utilization by microalgae. This article addressed CO2 fertilizer coupled to microalgal photobioreactors, discussed particularly the improvement and characteristic of two types of photobioreactors fed with high\|dose CO2, that is, liquid or attached cultivation photobioreactors, with focus on the CO2 mass transfer and utilization. To summarize, the features of two photobioreactors, capacities of microalgal utilization of high\|dose CO2, as well as CO2 mass transfer characteristics were compared and commented, which might help to the high density cultivating of microalgae.

Illex argentinus Fishery Resources Management in Argentina and its Enlightenment for China

YUE Dong\|dong, WANG Lu\|min*, FAN Wei, ZHANG Xun, ZHENG Han\|feng, TANG Feng\|h

2014, 16(6): 124-131. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.262

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Cephalopod is still one of the potential fishery resources in the world, and Illex argentinus is the most productive species of squid fishing in the southwest Atlantic Ocean fishing. It mainly distributes in the Southwest Atlantic high seas, the Argentinas EEZ and other water areas. This paper carried out preliminary statistics on Argentinas capture fisheries production, main fishing species and yield, and the production of Illex argentinus, etc.. The paper also described Argentinas fisheries management system and the fisheries cooperation between China and Argentina. Combining with Illex argentinus resources management examples, this paper analyzed the enlightenments to Chinas fishery resources management from two perspectives of inshore fishery and distant water fishery, such as constructing the inshore fishery resources survey and assess network, trying the total allowable catch management to the main species of inshore fishery, adopting temporary moratorium measure to protect fishery resources, gradually improving the summer fishing moratorium system, strengthening the supervision and inspection capacity of fishing ports, formulating access conditions for fisheries practitioners, and establishing comprehensive service system for offshore fishery resources development and utilization.

The Analysis on Chinas Biofortified Iron\|rich Wheat Nutrition Intervening Chinese Peoples Disease Burden of Iron Deficiency Anemia

ZHANG Jin\|lei, LI Lu\|ping

2014, 16(6): 132-142. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.439

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There is one of five Chinese people who are suffering from anemia now，most of peoples anemia are caused by iron nutrient deficiency. Women and children are severe iron nutrient deficiency target population, and people in rural areas are more vulnerable to iron deficiency. In order to reduce the high incidence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in China, this paper focused on the discussion and analysis of the potential health intervention effects of biofortified iron\|rich wheat as a new nutrition intervention. Based on the materials acquired and data collected, this paper applied DALYs analysis method, took research on the changes of disease burden of IDA of Chinese people and the potential nutrition improvement before and after biofortified iron\|rich wheat nutrition intervention. The research results showed that biofortified iron\|rich wheat has a good nutrition intervention effects. The policy advices were: put more research funds on biofortified wheat breeding research in order to breed higher iron content wheat varieties; pay more attention to the promotion and application of biofortified iron\|rich wheat.

Research Progress on Lactic Acid Bacteria in Agricultural Product Production and Quality Safety

GAO Peng\|fei1,2, YAO Guo\|qiang1,2, ZHAO Shu\|ping1, WANG Xiao\|wei2, CUI Jing\

2014, 16(6): 143-148. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.149

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), as a member of useful organism beneficial for agriculture and a bacteria stimulating plant growth, is one safe and edible microorganism ubiqulty in natural environment. It has played an unique advantage in agri\|product cultivation and its quality and safety. With the deepening of studies in anti\|pathogenic fungi properties of lactic acid bacteria, degradation of heavy metals and pesticide residues, more and more studies were focused on producing plant products with reduced use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. This paper reviewed the progress made in studying rhe roles of lactic acid bacteria in promoting plant growth, adjusting and controlling plant diseases, and improving quality of plant products, aiming at to stimulate the application of LAB in agricultural products, and improve their quality and edible safety, so as to improve the peoples health level.

Influence of Agricultural Development Mode on Farmers Income in China ——Based on DEA\|Tobit Model

SONG Li\|li1, MA Xiao\|chun2, WANG Xiu\|dong1*

2014, 16(6): 149-158. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.603

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With the proceeding of industrialization and urbanization, the development of our agriculture is restricted more and more strongly by resources, environment and ecology. The extensive mode of agriculture difficultly supported sustainable, stable and healthy development of agriculture, and also laid threat on the multiplication of farmers income and the achievement of well\|off society in 2020. This paper empirically analyzed the impact of agricultural development mode on farmers income using two\|stage DEA\|Tobit regression model. It was found that the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural development mode was low and didnt effectively promote the growth of farmers income. With respect to the technical efficiency, low scale efficiency was the main reason. Investment of agricultural science and technology, the urbanization rate, quantity of the primary industry employment and the scale of farm households had significant effect on farmers income. The policy implication is that, Chinese government should innovate principal part of agricultural production and operation under the stable household contract responsibility system, speed up the structural transfer of agricul1tural labor force, and strengthen the financial investment in agricultural science and technology and rural education, to promote the efficiency of agricultural development mode, and increase farmers income.

The Estimation of Saving Water Resources Because of Substitute Planting of Potato Instead Winter Wheat in the Funnel Area of the North China Plain

GUO Yan\|zhi, WANG Xiao\|hu*, SUN Jun\|mao

2014, 16(6): 159-163. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.378

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During many years overexploitation of groundwater, the North China Plain has become the worlds largest “funnel areas”, the agricultural sustainable development faces much pressure. Considering the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resource and the national food security, the urgent affair is to reduce the high water consuming crops such as winter wheat planting area, accelerate the pace of adjustment of agricultural structure. Based on the existing research results, the article comparatively analyzed the winter wheat and potato water deficit in North China Plain, calculated the result that potato instead of winter wheat planting can save water reached a total of (3.47~735)×108m3/a in North groundwater funnel area, while in support of certain technology, it could improve the grain yield level. This would be good for national food security, and gradually decay groundwater resources situation at the same time.

Research Trends Analysis of Oilseed Rape During Recent 10 Years Based on Web of Science

2014, 16(6): 164-172. DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2014.567

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Based on the oilseed rape related papers (with oilseed rape as topic) in the SCI\|EXPANDED database of Web of Science during 2004-2013, the annual trend of published paper numbers and countries/regions, research institutions, journals, and highly cited papers with higher influence were analyzed. The research front of oilseed rape were summarized according to the Essential Science Indicators database. The bibliometrics indices were ranked comprehensively using the means of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation with three different weights. The results showed that more and more attention had been paid to the oilseed rape research in the world. Overall, the United States, Canada, Germany, England, France, and some other European countries were leading the oilseed rape research. There were a large number of papers published by the research institutions from Canada, United States, and China, while the papers published by European institutions were higher qualified and more influential. Both of the excellent journals that carried oilseed rape research papers and the highly cited papers were mainly from Europe countries and the United States. The research hotspots in oilseed rape were Brassica napus L., rapeseed oil, biodiesel, gene expression, and so on.

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