Abstract:

Ammonium and nitrate, as the main inorganic nitrogen forms absorbed from the soil, had different effects on morphological and physiological processes in higher plants. This paper reviewed the mechanism of different nitrogen forms absorption and utilization in plants, how nitrogen form regulating nutrient uptake, root system development, photosynthesis physiology, yield and quality formation, and nitrogen transporter protein genes expression etc.. The paper also elaborated the mechanism of nitrogen forms regulating plant growth, and put forward problems needed to be clarified in studying nitrogen form.

Key words: nitrogen form, growth response, physiological basis, nitrogen transporter

摘要：

铵态氮和硝态氮作为植物从土壤中吸收的主要无机态氮素，对植物的形态学特征以及生理过程具有不同的影响。从植物对不同形态氮素的吸收利用机制，氮素形态调控植物养分吸收、根系发育、光合生理、产量与品质形成及氮转运蛋白基因表达等方面进行了综述，阐述了氮素形态调控植物生长的机理，并提出了氮素形态研究中需要进一步阐明的问题。

关键词: 氮素形态；生长反应；生理基础；氮素转运蛋白