Abstract: Island cotton is famous for its superior fiber quality. Its fiber is longer, stronger and thinner. This study carried out associative analysis on its fiber quality, hoping to provide theoretical guidance for marker assisted selective breeding (MAS). 214 accessions of island germaplasm resources genome were scanned with 194 SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers. The population structure and association of 8 fiber quality traits were analyzed by MLM(mixed linear model) of TASSEL software. The results showed that: ① STRUCTURE analysis was carried out and 214 island germaplasm resources were divided into 4 subpopulations, mainly distributed in China, United States and former Soviet Union. The chairngorm and resources of its sub-populations had certain association. ② 13 markers and 8 fiber quality traits were correlated analyzed by MLM method. The markers were relatively concentrated in 13 and 17 chromosomes. Among them, some markers were associated with 2 or more traits. This phenomenon might be caused by traits association or “pleiotropy” genetic basis.

Key words: island cotton, fiber quality, SSR, population structure, association analysis

摘要： 海岛棉纤维具有长、强、细等优点，利用纤维品质各性状进行关联分析研究，可以为今后分子标记辅助选择育种（molecular marker-assisted selection,MAS）提供理论指导。利用194个SSR(simple sequence repeats)标记，对214份海岛棉材料的基因组进行扫描，分析其群体结构，并利用TASSEL软件的MLM（mix liner model）模型对8个纤维品质性状进行关联分析。结果显示：①利用STRUCTURE群体结构软件分析，将214份海岛棉材料划分为4个亚群，主要分布于中国、美国及前苏联，说明其亚群的划分与来源地有一定的相关性。②利用MLM模型进行关联分析，结果显示检测到13个标记与8个纤维品质性状相关联，且在第13和17号染色体上标记较集中；其中部分标记同时与2个或多个性状相关，可能是性状相关或“一因多效”的遗传基础。

关键词: 海岛棉, 纤维品质, SSR, 群体结构, 关联分析