Abstract: In order to achieve green control on crop diseases and screen the high-efficiency antimicrobial components from aromatic plants, this paper evaluated the antimicrobial activities of 5 essential oils, including rosemary oil, lavender oil, geranium oil, citronella oil and basil oil against Phytophthora nicotianae by the method of mycelial growth. The results showed that when the concentration of essential oil reaching 225 μg/mL, all 5 essential oils had obvious inhibitory effects against Phytophthora nicotianae. Among them the inhibitory rate of citronella oil against Phytophthora nicotianae was up to 100%. Under fumigation mode, the EC50 values of 5 essential oils against Phytophthora nicotianae were 317.8 μg/mL, 255.2 μg/mL, 151.0 μg/mL, 53.0 μg/mL and 142.8 μg/mL, respectively. The 5 aromatic plant essential oils all had definite influence on the growthform of Phytophthora nicotianae. These results indicated that citronella oil had the potential as a leading compound developed as an environmental friendly fungicide for controlling Phytophthora nicotianae.

Key words: aromatic plant, essential oil, Phytophthora nicotianae, antimicrobial activity

摘要： 为实现作物病害的绿色防控，从芳香植物源中筛选高效的杀菌活性成分，采用菌丝生长法测定了迷迭香精油、薰衣草精油、香叶天竺葵精油、香茅草精油和罗勒精油5种精油对烟草黑胫病病原烟草疫霉的抑菌活性。结果表明：当精油浓度达到225 μg/mL时，5种精油对烟草疫霉均有显著的抑制作用，其中香茅草精油对烟草疫霉的抑制率均为100%。在熏蒸方式下，5种精油对烟草疫霉抑制的EC50值分别为317.8 μg/mL、255.2 μg/mL、151.0 μg/mL、53.0 μg/mL和142.8 μg/mL。5种芳香植物精油对烟草疫霉菌丝生长形态均有一定的影响。研究结果表明香茅草精油具有作为防治烟草疫霉环境友好型杀菌剂的先导化合物的潜力。

关键词: 芳香植物, 精油, 烟草疫霉, 抑菌活性