Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology ›› 2020, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 87-97.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0568

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Effect of Emitter Flow Rate of Wetted Body on Fertilizer Infiltration in Bubbled-root Irrigation

LI Xiao1, HE Zhenjia2*   

  1. 1.Northwest Suburb of Xian City Drainage Channel Management Center, Xian 710016, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Degraded and Unused Land Consolidation Engineering,  Ministry of Natural Resources, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xian 710075, China
  • Received:2018-09-21 Online:2020-01-15 Published:2018-12-11

灌水器流量对涌泉根灌湿润体肥液入渗影响研究

李晓1,何振嘉2*   

  1. 1.西安市西北郊城市排洪渠道管理中心, 西安 710016; 2.陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司, 自然资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室, 西安 710075
  • 通讯作者: *通信作者 何振嘉 E-mail:471128226@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李晓 E-mail:2205793988@qq.com;

Abstract: In order to improve the efficiency of water and fertilizer utilization under the bubbled-root irrigation, the infiltration experiment of the wetting body was carried out on the undisturbed soil of the Mizhi Experimental Station of the Northwest A & F University, and the variation characteristics and the influence of water and nitrogen migration laws on the characteristic values of the different emitters were studied. The results showed that the water flow rate of the emitters had different effects on the moisture content and nitrogen distribution of the infiltration of the bubbled-root irrigation, and the infiltration capacity and the wetting front migration distance increased with the increase of the emitter flow, and obtained the mathematical model of the emitter flow and the cumulative infiltration of the bubbled-root irrigation and the wetting front migration distance. The shape of the wetting body formed under the infiltration condition of fertilizer solution was approximately ellipsoid, and the soil moisture content in the wet body was characterized by low surface layer (18.55%), intermediate height (20.39%) and low bottom layer (14.46%). In the actual production process, the characteristic value of the wetting body should be used as the basis for irrigation technology when the distribution was 1 d. The contents of NO-3-N and NH+4-N in the same soil depth increased with the increase of the emitter flow. The longer the redistribution time was the higher the NO-3-N content in the soil increased, and the NO-3-N content in the surface soil was the largest. The deeper the depth was, the lower the NO-3-N content; the NH+4-N content in the soil decreased. The trend  was more obvious while the reduction of NH+4-N content in deep soil. The distribution and migration of NO-3-N content in water movement were significant, and the distribution and migration of NH+4-N content in water movement were not significant. Above results provided a technical reference for the efficient use of Yongquan root irrigation and fertilizer.

Key words: emitter flow, bubbled-root irrigation, fertilizer infiltration, wetted body, nitrogen distribution

摘要: 为了提高涌泉根灌灌溉模式下的水肥利用效率,在西北农林科技大学米脂试验站原状土上进行了涌泉根灌湿润体肥液入渗试验,研究不同灌水器流量对湿润体特征值的变化特性及水氮运移规律的影响。结果表明:灌水器流量对涌泉根灌肥液入渗湿润体内含水率以及氮素分布均有不同程度的影响,入渗能力、湿润锋运移距离均随灌水器流量的增大而增大,并分别得到灌水器流量与涌泉根灌累计入渗量以及湿润锋运移距离的数学模型。肥液入渗条件下形成的湿润体形状近似为椭球体,湿润体内土壤含水率表现为表层低(18.55%)、中间高(20.39%)、底层低(14.46%)的趋势,在实际生产过程中,应当以分布1 d时湿润体特征值作为灌水技术指导依据。相同土层深度处NO-3-N和NH+4-N含量均随灌水器流量的增大而增大,再分布时间越长,土壤中NO-3-N含量总体呈增加趋势,表层土壤NO-3-N含量最大,深度越深NO-3-N含量越低;土壤中NH+4-N含量总体呈减少趋势,而深层土壤NH+4-N含量减少更明显。水分运动对NO-3-N含量的分布及运移较显著,水分运动对NH+4-N含量的分布及运移不显著。上述结果为涌泉根灌水肥高效利用提供了技术参考。

关键词: 灌水器流量, 涌泉根灌, 肥液入渗, 湿润体, 氮素分布