Abstract: To screen and evaluate suitable cold-resistance indexes, this paper studied the differences of morphology, structure and physiological characteristics in roots of grapevines with different cold resistance, and analyzed the roots of grapevines with high cold resistance (‘Zuoshanyi’ and ‘Beta’), moderate cold resistance (‘Shanhe 2’, ‘5BB’, ‘SO4’ and ‘1103P’), and low cold resistance (‘Muscat Hamburg’ and ‘Red Globe’), and compared the angel, anatomical structure, water content and the texture of root, etc.. The results showed that: the ratio of cortex thickness (RCT), vessel density (VDY), vessel diameter (VDR), size of ray cells (SRC), free water content (FWC) and free water content/ bound water content (F/B) in roots of ‘Zuoshanyi’ and ‘Beta’ were all significantly smaller than those in roots of other grapevines, respectively. But also the tissue cells were arranged more densely in roots of ‘Zuoshanyi’ and ‘Beta’ than that in roots of other grapevines. The cross cutting hardness (CCH), cross cutting total work (CCTW), longitudinal cutting hardness (LCH) and longitudinal cutting total work (LCTW) of roots in ‘Zuoshanyi’ and ‘Beta’ were all significantly higher than those in ‘Muscat Hamburg’ and ‘Red Globe’ (P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, the grapevines with high cold resistance had the characteristics,such as compact structure, low free water content, low ratio of F/B, high hardness and high total work. And CCTW of root could be a good index for easily and accurately identifying the cold resistance of grapevines. And these results  provided scientific basis and technical support for identification, breeding and cultivation of cold resistant grape cultivars.

Key words: root of grapevine, cold resistance, anatomical structure, water content, hardness, total work

摘要： 通过为研究不同抗寒性葡萄品种根系形态结构及生理性状差异，评价并筛选适宜的抗寒指标，以高抗寒品种（左山一和贝达）、中抗寒品种（山河2号、5BB、SO4和1103P）、低抗寒性品种（玫瑰香和红地球）根系为研究对象，比较分析了其根系角度、解剖结构、含水量及质地硬度等指标。结果表明，高度抗寒品种左山一和贝达的根系皮层比率、导管密度、导管直径、射线细胞大小、自由水含量及自束比等指标均显著低于其他品种(P<0.05)，且组织结构更为紧密，而横切硬度、横切总功、纵切硬度和纵切总功均显著高于弱抗寒性品种玫瑰香和红地球(P<0.05)。由此表明，高度抗寒的葡萄品种具有根系组织结构紧密、自由水含量低、自束比小、硬度及做功量大等特点。而根系横切总功更适合作为快速、准确鉴定葡萄抗寒性的指标，从而为不同葡萄品种的抗寒性鉴定、高抗寒新品种的选育及抗寒栽培提供科学依据和技术支撑。

关键词: 葡萄根系, 抗寒性, 解剖结构, 含水量, 硬度, 做功量