Abstract: In the operation process of farmland residual membrane recycles in southern China, the residual membrane is very easily entangled on the machines due to the strong soil viscosity, which will affect the normal operation of the farm machines. To deal with this problem, a device to separate membrane from soil was designed in this paper. The device was mainly composed of elastic tooth to pick up the membrane, roller and cam pressing plate mechanism. It could remove the soil on the surface of the residual membrane in the process of membrane picking, and remove the soil under the residual membrane in the process of sending the membrane. Through the test and analysis, the main factors that affect the membrane soil separation were the forward speed of the machine, the rotating speed of the picking membrane and the installation angle of the roller. So taking above three factors as the test factors, and the soil content and membrane wrapping rate as the response values, three factors and three levels response surface test was conducted. In the process of the experiment, the regression model of each factor between membrane wrapping rate and soil content was established by using Desige-Expert software to deal with the data. In addition, the significance of each factor to the response value was analyzed. The results showed that the order of significance of each factor to soil content was as follows: machine forward speed > membrane pick-up speed > drum installation angle; the order of significance of membrane wrapping rate was: roller installation angle > membrane pick-up rotation. Meanwhile, by the optimization of the experiment factors, the best combination of the factors was obtained as follows: the forward speed of the machine was 1.12 m·s^-1, the membrane picking speed was 92.00 r·min-1, the installation angle of the roller was 17.00°, and the soil content was 13.00%, the membrane wrapping rate was 1.70%. Setting the above optimal working parameters combination through the soil bin simulation test,  the soil content was 13.45%, the membrane wrapping rate was 1.78%, and the relative error between the test verification results and the model optimization results was less than 5%. The device solved the problems of difficult membrane soil separation and high residual membrane rate in southern cohesive soil, and provided reference for the design and optimization of membrane soil separation device and residual membrane recovery machine.

Key words: cohesive soil, entangle, separate membrane from soil, experiment analysis, design, parameter optimization

摘要： 在我国南方农田残膜回收作业过程中，因土壤粘性强导致残膜夹带土壤多，残膜极易缠绕在机具上，影响机具正常工作。针对该问题设计了一种膜土分离装置，该装置主要由挑膜弹齿、滚筒和凸轮压板机构组成，可在挑膜过程中去除膜上表层土壤并在送膜过程中去除膜下土壤，通过试验分析得到影响膜土分离的主要因素为机具前进速度、挑膜转速和滚筒安装倾角。确定以上述三个因素为试验因素，以含土率和缠膜率为响应值，进行三因素三水平响应面试验。利用Desige-Expert软件建立各因素与缠膜率、含土率的回归模型，分析各因素对回收效率的影响，结果表明，各因素对含土率的显著性顺序为：机具前进速度＞挑膜转速＞滚筒安装倾角；对缠膜率的显著性顺序为：滚筒安装倾角＞挑膜转速＞机具前进速度；同时，对试验因素进行优化，得到因素的最佳组合为：机具前进速度为1.12 m·s^-1 ，挑膜转速为92.00 r·min-1，滚筒安装倾角为17.00°，此时的含土率为13.00%，缠膜率为1.70%。通过土槽模拟试验，设置上述最佳工作参数组合，得到含土率为13.45%，缠膜率为1.78%，验证结果与模型优化结果相对误差都小于5%。该膜土分离装置可以解决南方粘性土壤膜土分离困难、残膜率高的问题，为后续膜土分离装置及残膜回收机的设计与优化提供参考。

关键词: 粘性土壤, 缠绕, 膜土分离, 试验分析, 设计, 参数优化