Research on Mechanical Characteristics of Clamping Conveyor for Leafy Vegetables

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0759

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to determine the mechanized harvesting parameters of leafy vegetables， Pakchoi at the harvest period was taken as the research object， and the critical force test of clamping parts damage was carried out to determine the non-destructive clamping force of Pakchoi. Aiming at the shortcomings of the current universal testing machine for compression testing， a testing platform for measuring clamping parameters was designed. This testing platform could adjust the relevant parameters of the clamping and conveying operation， and record the operation process in real time with the help of sensors.Taking clamping angle （15°～25°）， clamping height （2.0～4.0 cm）， and clamping material （rubber timing belt， pattern conveyor belt， blue cloth sponge belt） as the influencing factors， damaging the critical force and damaging compression as the evaluation index， the response surface test method was used to carry out the optimization test of the comprehensive influencing factors of the clamping and conveying in the harvesting process of Pakchoi， the regression equation between the test influencing factors and the test evaluation index was established and the influence of the test influencing factor combination on the gripping conveyance of Pakchoi was explored. The results showed that when blue cloth sponge belt was used as clamping material， the minimum damage critical force and damage compression were used as the goal， the damage critical force and damage compression at this time were 16.95 N and 18.03 mm in order， at a clamping angle of 15° and the clamping height of 2.0 cm. In the actual harvest， the clamping force should be between the minimum clamping force and the critical damage force， then the harvest could reduce the damage rate of the Pakchoi Harvest.

Key words: leafy vegetables, gripping and conveying, critical damage force, compression, surface response test

摘要：

为确定叶类蔬菜机械化收获参数，以收获期上海青为研究对象，通过夹持部位破损临界力试验分析上海青的无损夹持力。针对目前采用万能试验机进行压缩试验的不足，设计了一款夹持参数测定试验平台，该试验平台可对夹持输送作业的相关参数进行调整，并借助传感器对作业过程实时记录。以夹持角度（15°～25°）、夹持高度（2.0～4.0 cm）和夹持材料（橡胶同步带、花纹输送带、蓝布海绵皮带）为影响因素，以破损临界力和破损压缩量为评价指标，通过响应曲面试验优化上海青收获过程中夹持输送的综合影响因素，建立了影响因素与评价指标之间的回归方程式，并探究各因素组合对上海青夹持输送的影响。结果表明，当以蓝布海绵皮带为夹持材料、以最小破损临界力和破损压缩量为目标时，破损临界力和破损压缩量分别为16.95 N和18.03 mm，在夹持角度15°和夹持高度2.0 cm处。在实际收获中为减少上海青的损伤率，应保持夹持力在最小夹持力和破损临界力之间。

关键词: 叶类蔬菜, 夹持输送, 破损临界力, 压缩量, 曲面响应试验

CLC Number:

S225

Qi LIU, Bin CHEN, Songlin SUN, Mingtao XIAO, Chaoran SUN. Research on Mechanical Characteristics of Clamping Conveyor for Leafy Vegetables[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(4): 116-125.

刘奇, 陈斌, 孙松林, 肖名涛, 孙超然. 叶类蔬菜有序收获夹持输送的力学特性研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(4): 116-125.

Figures/Tables 15

References 20

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基本参数 Parameter	范围 Scope	平均值 Average	标准偏差 SD
株高Plant height/mm	156.00～196.00	176.00	28.28
质量Mass/g	63.80～95.60	79.70	22.49
叶梗高Leaf stem height/mm	47.10～61.85	54.48	10.43
直径Diameter/mm	49.25～64.42	55.45	3.65
含水率Moisture content/%	87.30～90.10	88.70	1.40

基本参数 Parameter	范围 Scope	平均值 Average	标准偏差 SD
株高Plant height/mm	156.00～196.00	176.00	28.28
质量Mass/g	63.80～95.60	79.70	22.49
叶梗高Leaf stem height/mm	47.10～61.85	54.48	10.43
直径Diameter/mm	49.25～64.42	55.45	3.65
含水率Moisture content/%	87.30～90.10	88.70	1.40

夹持高度 Height/cm	最小值 Minimum/mm	最大值 Maximum/mm	平均值 Average/mm	标准偏差 SD
1.0	43.72	59.45	52.15	3.95
2.0	49.25	64.42	55.45	3.65
3.0	46.21	66.11	54.80	4.38
4.0	41.27	66.21	52.17	4.96
5.0	34.84	66.15	49.17	5.86

夹持高度 Height/cm	最小值 Minimum/mm	最大值 Maximum/mm	平均值 Average/mm	标准偏差 SD
1.0	43.72	59.45	52.15	3.95
2.0	49.25	64.42	55.45	3.65
3.0	46.21	66.11	54.80	4.38
4.0	41.27	66.21	52.17	4.96
5.0	34.84	66.15	49.17	5.86

材料 Material	临界倾角 Critical inclination/（°）	静摩擦系数 Static friction coefficient	弹性 Elasticity/（N·mm^-2）
光滑面 Smooth surface	19.92	0.36	—
材料A Material A	34.78	0.69	3 519
材料B Material B	38.24	0.79	218
材料C Material C	36.09	0.73	11