Abstract:

In order to analyze the microbial diversity and community composition of different agricultural Jiaosu， high-throughput sequencing technology was used to compare and analyze bacterial and fungal diversity and community composition of 5 microbial agents （Shimamoto， etc.） and 8 liquid agricultural Jiaosu （corn stover， castor stalk， Artemisia scoparia， casuarina needles， Artemisia carvifolia， Brambles and other straw as raw materials） and 7 solid-state agricultural Jiaosu （Brambles， Artemisia carvifolia， Artemisia scoparia， corn stover， ghost needle grass and other straw as raw materials）. The results showed that microbial agents’ bacterial and fungal OTUs were 292 and 54 respectively. The liquid agricultural Jiaosu’s bacterial OTUs ranged from 61 to 467， and fungal OTUs ranged from 7 to 44. With differences in raw materials， the composition of bacterial and fungal communities varied greatly in Jiaosu. The solid agricultural Jiaosu had more OTUs （1 015~1 474 for bacteria and 58~93 for fungi）， which were significantly higher than those for microbial agents and liquid agricultural Jiaosu. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria， Bacteroides and Actinobacteria were 26.0%~47.5%， 9.4%~33.3% and 10.7%~28.6% respectively， which were the dominant bacteria in the bacterial community. The dominant phylum in fungal community was Ascomycetes. In conclusion，the community diversityand abundance were different from dosage forms and materials，which the influence degree showed dosage form>material，and the diversity showed solid>liquid.

Key words: high-throughput sequencing technology, agricultural Jiaosu, microbial diversity, community composition

摘要：

为分析不同农用酵素的微生物多样性和群落组成，利用高通量测序技术，比较分析了5种菌剂（岛本酵素菌等）、8种液态农用酵素（玉米、蓖麻、黄蒿、木麻黄、青蒿、荆条等秸秆为原材料）、7种固态农用酵素（荆条、黄蒿、青蒿、玉米、鬼针草等秸秆为原材料）的细菌和真菌多样性以及其群落组成。结果表明，岛本酵素菌细菌和真菌的OTU数量分别为292和54；在液态农用酵素中，细菌的OTUs数量为61~467，真菌OTU数量为7~44，由于原材料差异，不同酵素的细菌和真菌群落组成差异较大；固态农用酵素具有较多的OTUs（细菌1 015~1 474，真菌58~93），显著高于菌剂和液态农用酵素；其中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroides）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）的相对丰度分别为26.0%~47.5%、9.4%~33.3%、10.7%~28.6%，为细菌群落组成中的优势菌门；真菌群落组成上的优势菌门为子囊菌门（Ascomycetes）。综上所述，微生物群落多样性和组成因剂型和材料的不同存在差异，影响程度为剂型>材料，多样性表现为固态>液态。

关键词: 高通量测序, 农用酵素, 微生物多样性, 群落组成