Abstract:

To study the influence of carbon ions implantation to traits of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) and to breed high-quality mutant varieties, carbon ions were implanted into sunflower seeds in doses of 0 (control group), 1×1013, 5×1013 and 9×1013 with the energy to 6MeV. Through field culture and collected data analysis, the results showed that the seeds of sunflowers implanted with 5×1013 carbon germinate earlier with higher germination rate; their plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and maximum leaf area are larger than other groups during vegetative growth period; the yield of them are also significantly better than other groups. By analyzing the peroxidase isozyme of the seedlings leaves  in carbon ion implantation and control groups, some differences were found in zymograms between the 4 groups sunflowers, which indicated carbon ion implantation has changed the biochemical and genetic characteristics of sunflowers in some extent. Comprehensive analysis of above results showed implanting 5×1013 carbon ions can induce more excellent biological characters and has important significance to further select good varieties of sunflowers.

Key words: sunflower, biological effects, carbonium ion, peroxidase isozyme

摘要：

为研究碳离子注入对向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)性状的影响,并选育优质突变品种,用离子注入机以6MeV的能量分别向向日葵种子中注入0(对照组)、1×1013、5×1013和9×1013碳离子。经田间栽培,数据采集分析,结果显示,注入5×1013碳离子的向日葵,其种子发芽早,发芽率高;营养生长期的株高、茎粗、叶数及最大叶面积等均高于其他组;产量也显著优于其他组。对各组向日葵幼苗叶片进行过氧化物酶同工酶分析,结果显示4组不同处理的向日葵酶谱存在一定的差异,说明碳离子注入在一定程度上改变了向日葵的生化及遗传特征。综合各项结果显示,注入5×1013碳离子可诱导产生较多的优良生物学性状,对进一步选育向日葵优良品种具有重要意义。

关键词: 向日葵;生物学效应;碳离子注入;过氧化物酶同工酶