Table of Content

15 October 2010, Volume 12 Issue 5

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Advances in Repair Mechanism of |DNA Double-strand Break Damage in Plant

ZHU Cai-xia1,2, GU Jia-yu1, SHAO Qun2, WANG Jing1, LIU Lu-xiang1

2010, 12(5):  17-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.04

Asbtract ( )   PDF (798KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is one of the most serious form of DNA damage. Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is the major pathway to repair DNA double-strand break damages in both higher plants and animals. The NHEJ pathway does not rely on DNA homology, while the number of such repair factors as Ku protein heterodimer, DNA-PKcs, XRCC4 and ligaseⅣ, will be directly joined the end to repair. The research progresses in major repair pathway and key genes involving in DNA double-strand break damages in plant are summarized. The existing problems and perspectives in this field are also discussed.

Advances in Studying Function and Regulation of |Phenol Hydroxylase

PENG Zi-xin1, YU Hai-ying1,2, ZHAN Yu-hua1, CHEN Ming1, LIN Min1, ZHANG Wei1

2010, 12(5):  36-41.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.07

Asbtract ( )   PDF (760KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Phenol is one kind of aromatic contaminants ubiquitously distributed in environment and can be degradated by some microorganisms. The first step of aerobic degradation for phenol-degrading strain is to form catechol catalysed by phenol hydroxylase. The transcription of phenol hydroxylase is mainly activated by XylR/DmpR protein, but some repressive regulators were found in multi-component phenol hydroxylase operons. This paper reviews the research progresses made in studying the function and regulation mechanism of phenol hydroxylase.

Compartive Studies on Transgenic Food Security |Management in America and EU Countries

LIAN Li-xia, WNAG Yong-jia

2010, 12(5):  51-56.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.09

Asbtract ( )   PDF (604KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

All governments one after another set forth their policies about transgenic food security management which suit their own realties. This article takes the policies of transgenic food security management in America and EU countries as the main research object, compares the differences in policies, analyzes the reasons, sums up the precious experience for food security management, and provides reference for improving China’s transgenic food security management system.

Influence of Constructing Hainan International Resort |on Crop Winter Breeding

RUAN Liu-qing, ZENG Da-li, LIN Hai, PANG Qian-lin

2010, 12(5):  57-61.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.10

Asbtract ( )   PDF (504KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

This paper discussed the importance and insubsititutability of Hainan Province as crop winter breeding base in agricultural production during the last decades. And on the basis of analyzing the influence brought by constructing an international resort on crop breeding program, the government was suggested to consider the importance of Hainan as “Chinese agricultural silicon valley”, especially the role in crop multiplication while making out the plan for international tourist island. It also suggests the government to enact a law or clauses to provide necessary jural protection for the winter breeding bases of all research units in China; to enhance the infrastructure construction of a national crop winter breeding base; and to strengthen financial support for crop multiplication and breeding, so as to ensure the healthy development of “Chinese Agriculture Silicon Valley”, to upgrade the strength of agricultural science and technology and to consolidate the national food security system.

Studies on Rice Resistance-related Proteins in Response to Bacterial Leaf Streak, Xanthomonas Oryzae pv. Oryzicola

LI Dong-xiao1,2, ZHANG Guo-guang2, GUO Li-jia2, LI Min2, MAO Qian2, WANG Wei2,

2010, 12(5):  62-67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.11

Asbtract ( )   PDF (577KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Rice bacterial leaf streak (BLS) caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xooc) is one of the major diseases in Asia. In this paper, the protein differently expressed after infected for 48 h by BLS was studied with rice 9311 as material through proteomic approach. Based on the result of protein blast, fingerprints and data search analysis, seven identified proteins up-regulated were selected including four LRK like genes, two NBS-LRR type genes and one PR-10 gene. Relevant primers were designed to amplify the genes from rice cDNA as probe for Northern blotting. The results showed that the mRNA levels of these genes increased significantly after infected by BLS for 12 h and 48 h, indicating these proteins have participated in disease resistance.

 Identification of miRNAs Related to Fiber Development of Upland Cotton

WANG Qin-qin1, CHEN Xu-sheng2, Pieter Bas Kwak1, QIU Cheng-xiang1, LIU Fei1, MA

2010, 12(5):  68-73.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.12

Asbtract ( )   PDF (570KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous and non-coding RNAs, which can regulate the growth and development of organism at post-transcriptional level. Direct cloning is one of the universal and efficient methods to identify miRNAs. In this study, total RNAs were extracted from ovules of 0~10 days post anthesis (DPA) and then 17~24 nt small RNAs were screened to create a single small RNA cDNA library, from which some positive clones were selected for sequencing. After blasted in miRBase, 4 conserved miRNAs were obtained. Further analysis was carried on their time-course and tissue-specific expression profile. It was found that all of them could express in different development stages and miR167a, miR172c and miR394b could express in roots, stems and leaves of cotton seedlings. On this basis, 55 target genes of the identified miRNAs were predicted and most of them encode transcription factors, metabolizing enzymes and proteins related to development. This further confirmed that miRNAs participated in regulating the morphogenesis and development, etc. physiological activities  of cotton fibers.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) within intron 12 and exon 13 of LAP3 gene in Bos Taurus

ZHENG Xue1,2, JU Zhi-hua2, LI Rong-ling2, LI Qiu-ling2, ZHANG Ai-wu1, ZHONG Ji-f

2010, 12(5):  74-79.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.13

Asbtract ( )   PDF (627KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

SNPs of the intron 12 and exon 13 of LAP3 were analyzed by PCR-SSCP, CRS-PCR, PCR-RFLP and sequencing in Chinese Holstein cattles(CH), Luxi Yellow cattles(LY) and Bohai Black cattles(BB). Five SNPs were detected, 24 794（T/G), 24 803(T/C), 24 846（T/C）, 24 564（G/A）and 25 415（T/C）, among them SNP 24 564（G/A） was new. Three SNPs of 24 794（T/G）, 24 803(T/C), 24 846（T/C）were linked completely and detected by PCR-SSCP, but they were not found in Luxi Yellow cattles. The alleles T, T, T, G and T were the dominant alleles in 3 breeds, and the allelic frequencies are T（CH0.579/LY 1/BB 0.722）, T（CH 0.579/LY 1/BB 0.722）, T（CH 0.579/LY 1/BB 0722）, G(CH 0.584/ LY 0.775/BB 0.500) and T (CH 0.596/LY 0.796/BB 0.750). The PIC of the 5 SNPs in these 3 breeds all belong to the midrange polymorphism (0.25<PIC<0.5).

High-efficiency Expression of Xylanase XYN-W with High Specific Activity in Pichia pastoris

LUO Jian-jie1, WANG Ya-ru1, YUAN Tie-zheng1, BAI Ying-guo1, HUANG Huo-qing1, LUO

2010, 12(5):  80-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.14

Asbtract ( )   PDF (662KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

xyn-w gene encoding a xylanase with high specific activity from ruminal fungus Neocallimastix frontalis was inserted into pPIC9 with the yeast α-mating factor and transformed into Pichia pastoris by electroporation to obtain the recombinants. It was shown that the recombinant xylanase xyn-w was high efficiently expressed and secreted into the supernatant medium by SDS-PAGE and expression products analysis. In 5 liter fermentor, xylanase protein  was expressed by the level of 1 mg/mL and its activity was more than 13 000 IU /mL. Using PCR method, a truncated xyn-m was obtained by deleting the 57 amino acids at the C-terminus of the xylanase XYN-W, which were binding domains and anchered domains. Similarly, the Pichia pastoris strains with high expression of xylanase XYN-M were constructed and the enzyme character of purified product was analyzed. The result showed that the specific activity and Kcat of XYN-M was 19 856.6 IU/mg and 4 433.8 s-1 respectively, increased 43.9% and 63.2% compared to those of XYN-W (13 795.3 IU/mg and 2 717.1 s-1), respectively.

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application and Densities on Non-structural Carbohydrates Accumulation, Distribution and Quality of Super Late Rice Tianyouhuazhan

XU Chun-mei1, ZHOU Chang-nan2, ZHENG Gen-shen2, WANG Dan-ying1, ZHAO Feng1,3, ZH

2010, 12(5):  86-91.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.15

Asbtract ( )   PDF (554KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The photosynthesis characteristic, non-structural carbohydrates accumulation and distribution in stem and grains at heading and maturity stage and their relation with rice quality were studied with the super late rice Tianyouhuazhan as materials under 4 different nitrogen rates and 2 densities patterns. The results showed that when 0 to 165 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer was applied, net photosynathetic rate of leaf increased with the increasing of fertilizer at grain filling stage (16 days after heading). And it would decrease when nitrogen fertilizer was used more than 165 kg/hm2. Sugar and starch content accumulation increased at heading stage under optimal nitrogen fertilizer application and planting density. Correlation analysis showed BR (brown rice) was significantly or very significantly positive correlated with accumulation of sugar and starch in panicle, so was Chalkiness PC (protein content) with accumulation of sugar in stem and leaf. There were significantly negative correlation between AC (amylose content) and accumulation amount of sugar in leaf, and positive correlation between PC and accumulation of sugar and starch in leaf.

Preliminary Studies on Spatial Distribution Prediction of Peanut Protein Content in China

YANG Li-ping1, GUO Hong-hai1, LI Xin-hua1, YANG Ping1, WAN Shu-bo2

2010, 12(5):  92-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.16

Asbtract ( )   PDF (540KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Peanut quality is influenced by light, temperature, water and soil, etc. Spatial prediction model for peanut protein content is established based on 9 ecological factors influencing protein content.  The spatial distribution of peanut protein content in China is predicted by using this model. The results showed that peanut protein content increases gradually from north to south, and the regions with high-content are mainly distributed in south to the  middle-lower valley of the Yangtze River. The minimum value is 13.3% in Jilin Province, the maximum value is 329% in Taiwan Province, and the average value is 26.9%. The above prediction results are of guiding significance for peanut production and breeding departments to improve peanut protein quality, carry out quality breeding work and establish special peanut producing base and optimize regional production distribution.

Effect of Streptomyces sp. S506 on Rhizosphere Ecosystem and Production Traits of Cucumber in Facilities

ZHANG Cui-mian1, LI Hong-tao1, LI Xiao-zhi2, JIA Nan1, HU Dong1, WANG Zhan-wu1

2010, 12(5):  98-102.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.17

Asbtract ( )   PDF (401KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The effect of pure streptomycete S506 and synergistic agent application on rhizosphere microorganisms, biological character, production and quality of facility cucumber were studied after consecutive years of cultivation. The results showed that the S506′ application effects were enhanced significantly compared with CK when synergistic agents were added. The total amount of culturable rhizosphere microorganisms increased by 67.8% and the ratio of bacteria, actinomycete with fungi increased over five times. The root dry weight, root length, plant height, overground plant dry weight of cucumber seedlings raised by 61.5%, 22.6%, 31.2% and 69.9%, respectively. Their contents of soluble solid and vitamin C increased by 21.67% and 46.16%, respectively, while the nitrate content was decreased by 13.27%.The average yield of cucumber increased by 31.15%. The above results indicated that the streptomycete S506 had remarkable regulating effect on rhizosphere microorganisms and roots growth of cucumber, and its application would play significant effect on overcoming continuous cropping barrier in facility cucumber production.

Degradation of Para-hydroxybenzoic Acid by Actinomyces and its Effects on Strawberry Growth

MAO Ning1, XUE Quan-hong1, TANG ming2, WANG Ling-na3, ZHAO Juan3, DUAN Chun-mei1

2010, 12(5):  103-108.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.18

Asbtract ( )   PDF (494KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Four strains of actinomyces were used to investigate their abilities in overcoming continuous cropping obstacles and effects on strawberry growth through liquid culture and greenhouse experiments. It was shown that the degradation rates of para-hydroxybenzoic acid in liquid culture by the 4 strains of actinomyces were 97.6%～98.7% after 7 days. Similarly, the para-hydroxybenzoic acid in the strawberry planting soil could be degraded efficiently by these 4 actimonyces in greenhouse experiment. Comparing to the CK treatment, contents of para-hydroxybenzoic acid decreased significantly in the soil around the root when treated by 251, 252 and 40 actinomyces during the planting season was ending. The total weight of strawberry root and new root increased 28.5%～50.4% and 25.7%～802%, respectively, after 4 actinomyces were used, indicating that they could promote the root growth and plant tiller of strawberry. The actinomyces could also decrease mortality and disease rates with relative effects of 51.9%～56.3%. But no significant effects were found on the total weight of strawberry plant, its leaf areas and PPO activity of leaf blades.

Gene Cloning, Expression and Characterization of |an Acidic Xylanase from Bispora betulina

KUI Hong1, LUO Hui-ying2, DONG Shou-liang1, YAO Bin2

2010, 12(5):  109-115.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.19

Asbtract ( )   PDF (673KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

An acidic xylanase-encoding gene was cloned from Bispora betulina by degenerate PCR and TAIL-PCR. The complete gene sequence consists of 1 207 bp with three introns, one exon and a stop coden. It encodes a protein with 297-amino acid polypeptide, which contains a cellulose binding module 1 (CBM1). The cDNA gene without the signal peptide-encoding sequences was ligated into the expression vector pPIC9 and transformed into the strain Pichia pastoris GS115. After the induction of methanol, extracellular recombinant xylanase in the supernatant of the recombinant P. pastoris strain reached 121.15 U/mL. The recombinant enzyme was purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange chromatography. The optimal pH and temperature of purified recombinant enzyme were pH 4.5 and 50℃, respectively. It exhibited high activity and stability at acidic pH range. It could be used as an alternative feed enzyme.

Effect of Excessive Fertilization on Growth, Development, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

WANG Shu-hui, GENG Su-xiang

2010, 12(5):  116-122.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.20

Asbtract ( )   PDF (512KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Plot field experiment was carried out to study the effect of excessive fertilization on tobacco growth, development, yield and quality in a paddy field with medium fertility soil in Yuxi city. The results showed that the survival rate of seedling decreases with the increase of fertilizer application. And tobacco growth slows down, plant height and leaf area index reduce at the early stage. But, tobacco grows faster, the inter-node length decreases and stem girth increases at the later period of vigorous growth. The accumulation of dry matter especially over ground part increases, but the leaf yield, high class tobacco ratio and the production value decline significantly after applying certain amount of fertilizer. Besides, the contents of total sugar and reducing sugar decrease, while the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine increase and that of nicotine increases more significantly along with the increase of fertilization.

Biological Effects of Sunflower Seeds Implanted Carbon Ion

ZHANG Xiao-xu1, HU Ying1, LIU Jing1, ZHANG Feng-shou2, ZHANG Tao2, SU Ying2, LIA

2010, 12(5):  123-129.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.21

Asbtract ( )   PDF (641KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To study the influence of carbon ions implantation to traits of sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) and to breed high-quality mutant varieties, carbon ions were implanted into sunflower seeds in doses of 0 (control group), 1×1013, 5×1013 and 9×1013 with the energy to 6MeV. Through field culture and collected data analysis, the results showed that the seeds of sunflowers implanted with 5×1013 carbon germinate earlier with higher germination rate; their plant height, stem diameter, leaf number and maximum leaf area are larger than other groups during vegetative growth period; the yield of them are also significantly better than other groups. By analyzing the peroxidase isozyme of the seedlings leaves  in carbon ion implantation and control groups, some differences were found in zymograms between the 4 groups sunflowers, which indicated carbon ion implantation has changed the biochemical and genetic characteristics of sunflowers in some extent. Comprehensive analysis of above results showed implanting 5×1013 carbon ions can induce more excellent biological characters and has important significance to further select good varieties of sunflowers.

Effect of Flue Gas Desulphurization Products on Osmotic Adjustment Solutes and Protective Enzymes Activities of Alfalfa

WANG Xue-qin1, XU Xing1, LI Feng-xia2, YANG Juan3

2010, 12(5):  130-133.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.22

Asbtract ( )   PDF (373KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In this paper, pot culture experiment was adopted to study the effect of flue gas desulphurization products on osmotic adjustment solutes and protecting enzymes activities of alfalfa. The results indicate that MpT3 treatment can remarkably reduce MDA content. At seedling and early bloom stages, the content of soluble sugar and proline in alfalfa leaf blades increased remarkably and MpT3 treatment has the best effect. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased in all treatments, but MpT3 treatment has better result than MpT1  and MpT2 treatment. The above results indicated that flue gas desulfurization products 2.5 g/kg soil + amendment 2.5 g/kg soil (MpT3) was the best for improving alfalfa stress resistance.

Studies on Emulsion of Tagetes Fungicide

DONG Jing-jian, WANG Jin-sheng

2010, 12(5):  134-136.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-0864.2010.05.23

Asbtract ( )   PDF (353KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

As more attention was paid to environmental protection, the development and application of plant-source pesticides has become a hot spot. Tagetes fungicide was synthesized based on its root extract. Due to its water insoluble emulsification experiment was performed and emulsifying effects was found the best and its stability, the highest, when hydrophile-lipophite balance value (HLB value) of mixed emulsifier was 10. At the same time the stability is the highest. Tagetes Fungicide has good bacteriostasis effect on watermelon Fusarium, which is the same as crude extract from Tagetes roots. These results showed that the Tagetes Fungicide artificial synthesized have the same bacteria inhibition as natural fungicide.