中国农业科技导报 ›› 2017, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 70-79.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2016.486

• 智慧农业 农机装备 • 上一篇    下一篇

智能控制马铃薯精密播种机的研制

李学强1,2,王法明2,3,孙传祝2,3*,苏国粱1,2,魏忠彩2,4,王相友2,5,王士军2,3   

  1. 1.山东希成农业机械科技有限公司, 山东 德州 253600; 2.山东省马铃薯生产装备智能化工程技术研究中心,
    山东 德州 253600; 3.山东理工大学机械工程学院, 山东 淄博 255091; 4.中国农业大学工学院, 北京 100083;
    5.山东理工大学研究生院,山东 淄博 255091
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-04 出版日期:2017-05-15 发布日期:2016-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 孙传祝,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为农产品加工工艺与设备。E-mail:suncz@sdut.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李学强,工程师,研究方向为马铃薯机械研发与应用。E-mail:lxqllsd@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(鲁财农指[2015]28号)资助。

Research on the Intelligent Control of Potato Precision Planter

LI Xueqiang1,2, WANG Faming2,3, SUN Chuanzhu2,3*, SU Guoliang1,2, WEI Zhongcai2,4, WANG Xiangyou2,5, WANG Shijun2,3   

  1. 1.Shandong Xicheng Agricultural Machinery Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Shandong Dezhou 253600;
    2.Shandong Provincial Intelligent Engineering and Technology Research Center for Potato Production Equipment,
    Shandong Dezhou 253600; 3.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Shandong Zibo 255091;
    4.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083; 5.College of Graduate Students, Shandong University of
    Technology, Shandong Zibo 255091, China
  • Received:2016-08-04 Online:2017-05-15 Published:2016-09-27

摘要: 针对现有马铃薯播种机播种精度低、株距和振幅调整麻烦等问题,在现有马铃薯播种机的基础上设置了智能株距控制装置,当检测到播种机的行驶速度等信息发生变化时,将控制电液伺服阀实时自动修正液压马达转速,保证播种株距合格率始终控制在允许范围内;设置了智能重种漏种控制装置,当检测到的薯种信号多于1枚或未检测到薯种信号时,控制步进电机实时调整输送带及其薯种碗的振动强度,结果表明,实际漏种率ξls为6.4%~7.9%,实际重种率ξcs为8.2%~10.1%,较佳的允许漏种率ξly的设定范围为6.0%~8.0%。该智能控制马铃薯精密播种机有效地提高了播种精度和作业效率,提高了马铃薯播种机对不同地区、不同马铃薯品种的适应能力。

关键词: 智能控制, 精密播种, 马铃薯, 株距, 重种漏种, 播种机

Abstract: In order to solve the problems of low seeding precision, difficult row spacing and amplitude adjustment of potato planter, this experiment installed intelligent row spacing devices on existing potato planter. The device of intelligent row spacing would auto-correct the electro-hydraulic servo valve to correct speed of hydraulic motor, when it detected the change in planter speed, etc. messages, so as to assure the qualification rate of row spacing within a permissible range. When the device detected more than one potato seed message or did not detect any message, it would adjust the conveyor belt and vibration intensity of potato seed bowl classifler. The result showed the actual missing rate ξls was 6.4%~7.9% and resetting rate  ξcs was 8.2%~10.1%, and the better allowed missing rate ξly was 6.0%~8.0%. This intelligent controlled potato precision drill could effectively improve the seeding accuracy and operation efficiency. At the same time, it also improved its adaptability to different areas and different potato varieties.

Key words: intelligent control, precision planting, potato, row spacing, resetting and missing, planter