关键词: 苦瓜, 不同部位, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract: In order to clarify the differences existing in allelopathy of root, stem and leaf of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.), this paper studied the effects of  bitter gourd extracts of these 3 parts on seed germination and seedling growth of mung beans \[Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek\] and rice (Oryza sativa L.). The results showed the extracts of 3 parts had no effect on germination rate of mung beans, but inhibited the germination rate of rice. They delayed the average germination time of mung bean and inhibited its germination index; shortened the mean germination time of rice and had “double effects” on its germination index. The extracts of leaf could inhibit the seed vigor of both mung bean and rice. The 2.5 mg/mL (T1) extracts from various parts of bitter gourd had inhibitory effect on the root length of mung bean, 40 mg/mL (T5) extracts from various parts had significant inhibitory effect on root length and stem length of rice seedlings. Leaf extracts had effects on the mung bean fresh weight, 10 mg/mL (T3), 20 mg/mL (T4) and 40 mg/mL (T5) extracts from each part had inhibitory effect on fresh weight of rice seedlings. The root extracts could promote the dry weight of mung bean, and had inhibitory effect on dry weight of rice seedlings. The comprehensive allelopathic effect of each part on mung bean seed germination was all negative; while that bellow 2.5 mg/mL (T1) on the growth of mung bean seedlings was positive. The comprehensive allelopathic effect of each bitter  part with 10 mg/mL (T3), 20 mg/mL (T4) and 40 mg/mL (T5) concentrations were negative on rice seed germination and seedling growth. The allelopathic inhibitions of bitter gourd parts on 2 receptors were stronger than on the root.

Key words: Momordica charantia L., different parts, seed germination, seedling growth