交替根区灌溉对葡萄幼树生长及干物质分配的影响

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0523

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2019, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (5): 152-158.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2018.0523

交替根区灌溉对葡萄幼树生长及干物质分配的影响

陈丽楠1,2,刘秀春1,荣传胜1,韩晓日2,孙占祥3*

1.辽宁省果树科学研究所, 辽宁营口 115009; 2.沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳 110866; 3.辽宁省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所, 沈阳 110161

收稿日期:2018-08-30 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2018-10-26
通讯作者: *通信作者：孙占祥，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事旱地耕作制度理论与技术研究。E-mail：sunzx67@163.com
作者简介:陈丽楠，助理研究员，博士，主要从事果树土肥水管理研究。E-mail：chenlinan81@163.com。
基金资助:
辽宁省自然基金项目(201602407)资助。

Effect of Alternate Partial Root-zone Irrigation on Growth and Distribution of Dry Matter in Young Grape Tree

CHEN Linan1,2, LIU Xiuchun1, RONG Chuansheng1, HAN Xiaori2, SUN Zhanxiang3*

1.Liaoning Institute of Pomology, Liaoning Yingkou 115009; 2.College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866; 3.Institute of Tillage and Cultivation，Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China

Received:2018-08-30 Online:2019-05-15 Published:2018-10-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究分根交替灌溉对葡萄幼树生长和干物质分配的影响，在避雨栽培下，以2年生盆栽葡萄幼树为试材，设置了3种灌溉模式：根区均匀灌溉(CI)，单侧根区固定滴灌、1/2灌水量(FDI)，双侧根区交替滴灌、1/2灌水量(ADI)，研究了不同根区灌溉模式对葡萄幼树生长、干物质分配及叶片光合生理的影响。结果表明：与CI相比，FDI和ADI处理降低了葡萄幼树新梢生长量，ADI处理提高了新梢粗度，叶面积未显著降低。ADI和FDI处理葡萄树修剪量较CI显著降低15.8%和12.2%。叶片净光合速率（Pn）在果实膨大期以ADI处理略高于CI，在着色期略低于CI，FDI处理Pn显著低于ADI和CI，ADI和FDI处理的蒸腾速率（Tr）和气孔导度（Gs）显著低于CI，叶片水分瞬间利用效率（WUE）以ADI处理最高，其中在果实着色期，ADI的叶片WUE比CI提高64.9%。不同灌水模式下葡萄幼树的干物质量表现为ADI＞CI＞FDI，ADI处理总须根和果实干物质量显著高于CI处理，显著提高了根冠比。综上所述，交替根区滴灌处理在减少约50%灌水量的条件下降低了树体冗余生长量，维持了葡萄叶片的净光合速率，提高了叶片水分利用率，增加了干物质向须根和果实的分配量。

关键词: 葡萄, 交替根区灌溉, 冗余生长, 干物质

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of partial root-zone irrigation on the growth and dry matter production of young grape trees, this paper took 2 years old young grape tree with pot cultivation as experimental material under rain shelter, and set up 3 irrigation patterns, including conventional irrigation (CI), fixed partial root-zone drip irrigation(FDI) and alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation(ADI), and studied the effects of different root-zone irrigation patterns on the growth, dry matter allocation and leaf photosynthetic physiology. The results showed that: the new shoots growth treated by ADI and FDI was reduced compared to that by CI. New shoots diameter treated by ADI was increased, while leaf area was not significantly reduced. The total pruning amounts of ADI and FDI treatments were significantly decreased by 15.8% and 12.2% than that of CI, respectively. Pn of leaf under ADI treatment was slightly higher than that under CI at fruit expansion stage and slightly lower at grape coloring period. Pn treated by FDI was significantly lower than that by ADI and CI. Tr and Gs treated by ADI and FDI were significantly lower than that by CI at both periods. The WUE treated by ADI was the highest. Leaf WUE treated by ADI increased by 64.9%, compared to that by CI at fruit coloring period. The dry matter amounts under 3 different irrigation patterns were ADI>CI>FDI. The total fibrous root and fruit dry matter weight treated by ADI were significantly higher than that by CI. Thus, the root to shoot ratio was significantly increased. In conclusion, alternating drip irrigation could reduce the redundant growth of tree, improve the photosynthetic ability of leaf and the instantaneous water use efficiency of leaf, increase dry matter distribution volume to fibrous root and fruit, under the condition of reducing 50% of irrigation amount.

Key words: grape, alternate root-zone drip irrigation, redundant growth, dry matter

陈丽楠1,2,刘秀春1,荣传胜1,韩晓日2,孙占祥3*. 交替根区灌溉对葡萄幼树生长及干物质分配的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2019, 21(5): 152-158.

CHEN Linan1,2, LIU Xiuchun1, RONG Chuansheng1, HAN Xiaori2, SUN Zhanxiang3*. Effect of Alternate Partial Root-zone Irrigation on Growth and Distribution of Dry Matter in Young Grape Tree[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2019, 21(5): 152-158.

[1]	吴婕, 宫江宁. 大孔树脂纯化甜茶多酚及其对 α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性和DPPH·抗氧化性的研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(6): 113-119.
[2]	阿依图拉·拜各吐木尔, 李洁, 陈存坤, 刘慧, 李相阳, 林少华. 葡萄柚籽提取物和聚乙烯包装对香椿贮藏品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(5): 116-123.
[3]	孙艳,韩斌,袁军伟,刘长江,李敏敏,尹勇刚,贾楠,郭紫娟,赵胜建*. 不同抗寒性葡萄品种根系形态结构及生理性状差异分析[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(4): 47-57.
[4]	张特,康正华,赵强*,聂志勇,王蜜蜂,崔延楠. 施氮量及打顶方式对棉花营养积累与分配及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(3): 139-147.
[5]	孔德谦1,何振嘉2*,刘全祖3,吴永杰1. 施肥对贺兰山东麓滴灌条件下‘赤霞珠’葡萄产量和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(3): 148-155.
[6]	王东1,曹源倍2,吉遥芳3,傅渝亮3*. 不同滴灌量对红寺堡区酿酒葡萄生长和品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2021, 23(1): 154-161.
[7]	尹勇刚,袁军伟,刘长江,韩斌,李敏敏,孙艳,贾楠,郭紫娟,赵胜建*. NaCl胁迫对葡萄砧木光合特性与叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(8): 49-55.
[8]	张艳丽1,2,任柳3,张宇宏1*,张伟1. 棉铃虫葡萄糖氧化酶HaGOX在毕赤酵母中的重组表达和性质研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(8): 56-63.
[9]	高素红1,2,武海燕2,温晓蕾2,路常宽2,赵春明2,张琪2,丁元元2. 绿盲蝽越冬卵在葡萄园中的空间分布型和抽样技术研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(8): 116-122.
[10]	黄雅茹1,马迎宾1,郝玉光1*,张家祺2,张建平1,李帅1,马媛1,张冉昊1 . 乌兰布和沙漠绿洲防护林杨树叶片性状研究[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(5): 42-50.
[11]	辛红佳,李鹏程,滕守振,李圣彦,汪海,郎志宏*. 拟南芥SWEET1/2/3基因突变体构建及功能鉴定[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(2): 39-49.
[12]	王莎,程大伟,李明,顾红,李正阳,祁帅,陈锦永*. ‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄无核化研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(2): 58-64.
[13]	朱国龙,王转,龙怀玉*,张认连,喻科凡. 负压供水下土壤水分对樱桃萝卜生长及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(12): 127-136.
[14]	汤紫霞,李蒙蒙*,汪小钦,邱鹏勋. 基于GF-2遥感影像的葡萄大棚信息提取[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(11): 95-105.
[15]	王转,朱国龙,龙怀玉*,张认连,申哲,曲潇琳,喻科凡. 土壤水分时间变异对玉米生长及水分效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(11): 153-164.

交替根区灌溉对葡萄幼树生长及干物质分配的影响

Effect of Alternate Partial Root-zone Irrigation on Growth and Distribution of Dry Matter in Young Grape Tree

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics