关键词: 粪水, 酸化, 氨气, 无机氮, 形态转化

Abstract: Large amount of ammonia (NH3) would be generated during animal slurry storage, which not only causes air pollution, but also strongly reduces the fertilizer values of animal slurry. An obvious way to minimize NH3 emissions from slurry is to decrease slurry pH by addition of acidifiers. In this study, 11 different acidifiers belonging to 3 groups chemicals of strong acids, salts and easily fermentable organic materials, including concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, alum, aluminum sulfate, aluminum chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate, glucose and sucrose, were used. The unacidified fecal water was used as control group. The pH of pig slurry in all treatments was decreased to 6.0, then the contents of total inorganic nitrogen（TIN）, ammonia nitrogen（NH⁺⁴）, nitrate nitrogen（NO^-3） and NH₃ emission amount in pig slurry were analyzed during 60 d storage period. The results showed that in the process of animal slurry storage, ammonia emission in acidified animal slurry could be effectively reduced and nutrient content in animal slurry after storage could be improved. Compared with CK, TIN and NH+4 contents in acidification treatment were increased by 39.2%~141.6% and 59%~2 592% respectively, and NH₃ emissions were reduced by 19%~80%. Based on the comprehensive acidification effect and economic cost, it was considered that concentrated sulfuric acid, alum and superphosphate were more suitable acidifiers. Their total inorganic nitrogen contents were increased by 517.05%, 1 414.82% and 2 481.34%, respectively; their ammonia nitrogen content were increased by 535.50%, 1 443.79% and 2 591.72%, respectively; and their NH3 emissions were decreased by 48.81%, 71.43% and 65.60%, respectively, with the costs of 0.66, 5.20 and 23.70 yuan·m-3. This study was expected to provide data support for the optimization of acidifying agent for animal slurry, promote the utilization of animal slurry resources, reduce ammonia volatilization in animal slurry, retain nutrient content in animal slurry, and improve ecological and economic benefits

Key words: animal slurry, acidification, ammonia, inorganic nitrogen, forms transformation