天山北坡典型草地土壤呼吸特征及其对环境因子的响应

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0290

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 189-199.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0290

• 生物制造资源生态 • 上一篇

天山北坡典型草地土壤呼吸特征及其对环境因子的响应

郭文章¹(), 井长青¹(), 邓小进¹, 陈宸¹, 赵苇康¹, 侯志雄², 王公鑫²

^1.新疆农业大学草业学院，新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室，西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830052
^2.新疆农业大学资源与环境学院，乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2021-04-06 接受日期:2021-06-01 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2022-10-25
通讯作者: 井长青
作者简介:郭文章 E-mail：2917346770@qq.com；
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题项目(2020D04037)

Soil Respiration Characteristics of Typical Grassland on the Northern Slopes of the Tianshan Mountains and Their Response to Environmental Factors

Wenzhang GUO¹(), Changqing JING¹(), Xiaojin DENG¹, Chen CHEN¹, Weikang ZHAO¹, Zhixiong HOU², Gongxin WANG²

^1.College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources and Ecology of Western Arid Region, Ministry of Education, Urumqi, 830052, China
^2.School of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2021-04-06 Accepted:2021-06-01 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-25
Contact: Changqing JING

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示天山北坡不同类型草地的土壤呼吸规律，采用土壤碳通量测量系统LI-840A对天山北坡荒漠草原和灌丛草甸土壤呼吸（soil respiration，R_s）日变化和季节动态进行监测，并利用多元回归模型分析温度和水分对草地土壤呼吸的协同影响。结果表明，2种草地类型生长季土壤呼吸速率均表现为日间先增高后降低，夜间较平缓的日变化趋势，日最大排放速率出现在12:00—16:00，最小值出现在6:00—7:00左右；灌丛草甸生长季各个月份的土壤呼吸速率均高于荒漠草原。2种草地类型土壤呼吸速率与温度均呈指数相关；土壤含水量与灌丛草甸土壤呼吸速率的相关性高于与荒漠草原土壤呼吸速率的相关性；土壤呼吸速率受5 cm土壤温度（T）和5 cm土壤含水量（W）的影响显著，荒漠草原土壤呼吸速率与二者之间满足最佳拟合模型R_s=130.515e^0.031^TW^2.513，灌丛草甸满足最佳拟合模型R_s =-1.290+0.010T+28.007W+1.199TW。研究结果揭示了荒漠草原和灌丛草甸土壤呼吸的变化规律，为天山北坡草地碳循环研究提供基础数据和理论支持。

关键词: 天山北坡, 土壤呼吸, 荒漠草原, 灌丛草甸, 环境因子

Abstract:

To reveal soil respiration patterns of different types of grassland on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains， this study used the soil carbon flux measurement system LI-840A to monitor the daily and seasonal dynamics of soil respiration （R_s） in desert steppe and shrub meadows on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains. The results showed that the daily variation of soil respiration rate in both types of grasslands in the growing season increased first and then decreased in the day time， and the variation trend was gentle at night， with the maximum daily emission rate occurring at 12:00—16:00 and the minimum value occurring at 4:00—7:00. The soil respiration rate of shrub meadows was higher than the rate of desert steppes in all months of the growing season. Soil respiration was exponentially correlated with temperature in both types of grasslands. Soil water content was more correlated with the soil respiration rate of shrub meadows than with the soil respiration rate of desert steppes. Soil respiration rate was significantly influenced by soil temperature at 5 cm depth （T） and 5 cm soil water content （W）. The best-fit model between the soil respiration rate of desert steppes and both variables was R_s=130.515e^0.031^TW^2.513， whereas shrub meadows satisfied the best-fit model of R_s=-1.290 + 0.010T + 28.007W + 1.199 TW. The purpose of this paper revealed the changing law of soil respiration in desert steppe and shrub meadow， and provided basic data and theoretical support for the study of grassland carbon cycle on the northern slopes of Tianshan Mountains.

Key words: northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, soil respiration, desert steppe, shrub meadow, environmental factors

中图分类号:

S812.6

郭文章, 井长青, 邓小进, 陈宸, 赵苇康, 侯志雄, 王公鑫. 天山北坡典型草地土壤呼吸特征及其对环境因子的响应[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(10): 189-199.

Wenzhang GUO, Changqing JING, Xiaojin DENG, Chen CHEN, Weikang ZHAO, Zhixiong HOU, Gongxin WANG. Soil Respiration Characteristics of Typical Grassland on the Northern Slopes of the Tianshan Mountains and Their Response to Environmental Factors[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(10): 189-199.

图/表 8

图1 2020年6—10月研究区空气温度和降雨量季节变化

Fig.1 Seasonal variation of air temperature and precipitation in research area from June to October， 2020

图2 荒漠草原和灌丛草甸土壤温度和土壤含水量动态变化

Fig.2 Dynamic changes of soil temperature and soil moisture in desert steppe and shrub meadow

图3 荒漠草原和灌丛草甸土壤呼吸速率日变化

Fig.3 Diurnal variation of soil respiration in desert steppe and shrub meadow

图4 荒漠草原和灌丛草甸月均土壤呼吸速和土壤日累积碳排放量注：不同小写字母表示相同草地类型不同月份间差异在P<0.05水平显著；不同大写字母表示相同月份不同草地类型间差异在P<0.05水平显著。

Fig.4 The monthly average sudden respiration rate and daily accumulated carbon emissions of desert steppe and shrub meadowNote：Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different months at P<0.05 level of the same grassland type； Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences between different grassland types at P<0.05 level of the same month．

表1 土壤呼吸速率与环境因子间的相关系数

Table 1 Correlation coefficients between soil respiration rate and environmental factors

草地类型 Grassland types

空气温度

Air temperature

空气湿度

Air humidity

土壤温度

Soil temperature

土壤含水量

Soil water content

荒漠草原

Desert steppe

灌丛草甸

Shrub meadow

图5 土壤呼吸速率与空气温度、5 cm土壤温度的相关性

Fig.5 Correlations between soil respiration rate and air temperature， soil temperature at 5 cm depth

表2 土壤含水量与土壤呼吸速率的拟合方程

Table 2 Fitting equation of soil water content and soil respiration rate

草地类型 Grassland types	模型 Model	回归方程 Regression equation	R²
荒漠草原 Desert steppe	线性函数 Linear function	R_s=-0.678+18.872W	0.57^**
	二次函数 Quadratic function	R_s=0.811-14.988W+154.652W²	0.63^**
	指数函数 Exponential function	R_s=0.168e^16.389^W	0.66^**
	幂函数 Power exponential function	R_s=129.086W^2.173	0.62^**
	对数函数 Logarithmic function	R_s=1.612lnW+5.148	0.48^**
灌丛草甸 Shrub meadow	线性函数 Linear function	R_s=-2.407+65.015W	0.82^**
	二次函数 Quadratic function	R_s=-5.650+163.540W-689.304W²	0.85^**
	指数函数 Exponential function	R_s=0.265e^27.659^W	0.75^**
	幂函数 Power exponential function	R_s=513.004W^2.091	0.79^**
	对数函数 Logarithmic function	R_s=4.494lnW+14.284	0.84^**

表3 5 cm土壤温度和5 cm土壤含水量与土壤呼吸速率拟合方程

Table 3 Fitting equations between soil temperature at 5 cm depth， soil water content at 5 cm depth and soil respiration rate

拟合模型 Fit model	荒漠草原 Desert steppe		灌丛草甸 Shrub meadow
拟合模型 Fit model	拟合方程 Fitting equation	R²	拟合方程 Fitting equation	R²
公式（8） Formula（8）	R_s=-1.076+0.026T+18.303W	0.62^**	R_s=-2.420+0.069T+50.899W	0.86^**
公式（9） Formula（9）	R_s=130.515e^0.031^TW^2.513	0.75^**	R_s=19.210e^0.069^TW^1.263	0.85^**
公式（10） Formula（10）	R_s=0.379e^0.499^{T W}	0.63^**	R_s=0.634e^0.958^TW	0.80^**
公式（11） Formula（11）	R_s=0.730TW-0.206	0.61^**	R_s=2.161TW-0.247	0.85^**
公式（12） Formula（12）	R_s=0.21+0.058T+2.913W+0.898TW	0.68^**	R_s=-1.290+0.010T+28.007W+1.199TW	0.87^**

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天山北坡典型草地土壤呼吸特征及其对环境因子的响应

Soil Respiration Characteristics of Typical Grassland on the Northern Slopes of the Tianshan Mountains and Their Response to Environmental Factors

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