中西太平洋围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔场分布与溶解氧垂直结构的关系

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0743

中国农业科技导报 ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 193-202.DOI: 10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0743

中西太平洋围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔场分布与溶解氧垂直结构的关系

赵蓁¹(), 孙奥燃¹, 张春玲¹^,²(), 朱国平¹^,²^,³, 胡松¹^,²

^1.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院，上海 201306
^2.上海海洋大学极地研究中心，上海 201306
^3.上海海洋大学国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心，大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室，远洋渔业协同创新中心，上海 201306

收稿日期:2021-08-26 接受日期:2021-11-22 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-19
通讯作者: 张春玲
作者简介:赵蓁 E-mail：zzhao1234202107@163.com；
基金资助:
大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(A1-2006-21-200201)

Relationship Between Fishing Grounds of Yellowfin Tuna （Thunnus albacares） and Dissolved Oxygen in the Western and Central Pacific

Zhen ZHAO¹(), Aoran SUN¹, Chunling ZHANG¹^,²(), Guoping ZHU¹^,²^,³, Song HU¹^,²

^1.College of Marine Science，Shanghai Ocean University，Shanghai 201306，China
^2.Polar Research Center，Shanghai Ocean University，Shanghai 201306，China
^3.Collaborative Innovation Center of Ocean Fishery； Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Ocean Fishery Resources，Ministry of Education； National Engineering Research Center of Ocean Fishery，Shanghai Ocean University，Shanghai 201306，China

Received:2021-08-26 Accepted:2021-11-22 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-19
Contact: Chunling ZHANG

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

溶解氧垂直结构是影响黄鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus albacares）垂直活动的重要因素，为了解中西太平洋围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔场溶解氧的分布特征及其对围网渔业生产的影响，基于WOA18溶解氧三维数据集和中西太平洋2008—2017年间围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔业的生产数据，分析渔场区溶解氧浓度的垂直结构特征及其与渔获量（catch per unit effort，CPUE）的时空对应关系，并构建渔场分布与溶解氧垂直结构的统计关系模型。结果表明，黄鳍金枪鱼围网捕捞的高渔获量多集中在5° S—5° N之间的西太平洋热带海域，渔场区的溶解氧浓度随着深度的增加逐渐降低。渔场区表层的溶解氧浓度约为195~210 μmol?kg^-1，50 m水层的溶解氧浓度为192~199 μmol?kg^-1；CPUE集中分布在150和300 m水层区域，其溶解氧浓度分别为147和120 μmol?kg^-1。渔获量与溶解氧垂向梯度呈负相关关系，跃层以上尤为明显。模型分析表明，渔场分布与不同深度的溶解氧浓度均服从高斯函数分布，为深入了解渔场区的溶解氧水平和特征、建立更精确的渔场预报模型提供了理论依据。

关键词: 溶解氧, 垂直结构, 黄鳍金枪鱼, 统计模型, 中西太平洋

Abstract:

The vertical structure of dissolved oxygen is an important factor affecting the vertical activities of yellowfin tuna （Thunnus albacares）. In order to better understand the distribution characteristics of dissolved oxygen in Seine yellowfin tuna fisheries and its impact on Seine fishery production in the Central and western Pacific， the vertical structure characteristics of dissolved oxygen concentration of fishery area and the relationship between dissolved oxygen and fish catch spatial or temporal distribution were analyzed. A statistical model of the relationship between dissolved oxygen vertical structure and fishery catch was given. The data adopted was the WOA18 three-dimensional dissolved oxygen dataset and yellowfin tuna fishery production data in the Central and Western Pacific from 2008 to 2017. The results showed that higher catch per unit effort （CPUE） value of yellowfin tuna was mainly concentrated in the western tropical Pacific of 5°S—5°N. The dissolved oxygen concentration in the fishing area decreased with the increase of depth. The concentrations of dissolved oxygen in surface and 50 m depth of the fishery areas were about 195~210 μmol?kg^-1and 192~199 μmol?kg^-1， respectively. CPUEs were concentrated in the areas of 150 and 300 m depth with 147 and 120 μmol?kg^-1， respectively. There was a negative correlation between the CPUE and the vertical gradient of dissolved oxygen， especially above the thermocline. The model showed that the relationship between the distribution of fishing ground and the dissolved oxygen change at different depths obeyed the gaussian function distribution， which provided a theoretical basis for understanding the level and characteristics of dissolved oxygen in fishery area and establishing a more accurate fishery prediction model.

Key words: dissolved oxygen, vertical structure, yellowfin tuna, statistical model, western and central Pacific

中图分类号:

S934

赵蓁, 孙奥燃, 张春玲, 朱国平, 胡松. 中西太平洋围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔场分布与溶解氧垂直结构的关系[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2022, 24(4): 193-202.

Zhen ZHAO, Aoran SUN, Chunling ZHANG, Guoping ZHU, Song HU. Relationship Between Fishing Grounds of Yellowfin Tuna （Thunnus albacares） and Dissolved Oxygen in the Western and Central Pacific[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, 24(4): 193-202.

图/表 7

图1 中西太平洋2008—2017年间CPUE空间分布A：散点分布；B：1°×1°月平均空间分布

Fig. 1 Spatial distribution of CPUE in the central and western Pacific from 2008 to 2017A： Scatter distribution； B： Monthly mean spatial distribution of 1°×1°

图2 中西太平洋黄鳍金枪鱼渔场区溶解氧浓度的大面分布

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution of dissolved oxygen concentration corresponding to the Thunnus albacares fishing ground in the Central and Western Pacific

图3 不同月份的表层溶解氧浓度与CPUE的对应分布

Fig. 3 Sea surface dissolved oxygen distribution and the corresponding CPUE at different month

图4 不同月份150 m层的溶解氧浓度与CPUE的对应分布

Fig. 4 Dissolved oxygen at the depth of 150 m and the corresponding CPUE distribution at different month.

图5 沿0°纬线的断面上（0—300 m）季节平均的溶解氧浓度与CPUE叠加分布

Fig. 5 Seasonal dissolved oxygen vertical distribution and the corresponding CPUE along the 0° latitude （0—300 m）.

图6 CPUE和溶解氧浓度在0、50、150和300 m深度的频次分布

Fig. 6 Frequency of CPUE and dissolved oxygen concentration at 0， 50， 150 and 300 m depths

图7 4个代表水层的捕捞次数与溶解氧浓度的散点分布及高斯函数拟合曲线

Fig. 7 Scatter distribution and Gaussian function fitting curve of number of fishing and dissolved oxygen concentration of 4 layers

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中西太平洋围网黄鳍金枪鱼渔场分布与溶解氧垂直结构的关系

Relationship Between Fishing Grounds of Yellowfin Tuna （Thunnus albacares） and Dissolved Oxygen in the Western and Central Pacific

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