中国海洋渔业碳中和能力评估

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2021.0903

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海洋渔业具有“碳源”和“碳汇”的双重属性，准确评估海洋渔业的碳中和能力，是推动海洋渔业可持续发展的有效路径。利用2010—2019年中国沿海11个省（自治区、直辖市）的相关数据，测算了中国及各省（自治区、直辖市）的碳排放量、碳汇量与净碳量。结果显示，研究期内海洋渔业碳排放量在2015年达到峰值，此后呈下降趋势，而海洋渔业碳汇量则呈持续增长趋势；我国海洋渔业处于部分碳中和状态，整体趋势良好；我国海洋渔业碳排放量、碳汇量呈现明显的区域差异，应根据具体情况走健康、可持续发展之路。基于此，从减排、增汇2个方面提出相应对策建议，为我国海洋渔业的低碳发展提供参考。

关键词: 海洋渔业, 碳排放, 碳汇, 碳中和

Abstract:

Marine fisheries have the dual attributes of “carbon source” and “carbon sink”. Accurate assessment of the carbon neutral capacity of marine fisheries is an effective way to promote the sustainable development of marine fisheries. Using the relevant data of 11 coastal provinces （autonomous region， municipality） in China from 2010 to 2019， the carbon emissions， carbon sinks and net carbon emissions of China and the coastal provinces were calculated. The results showed that， during the study period， marine fisheries carbon emissions peaked in 2015 and had shown a downward trend since 2016， while marine fisheries carbon sinks had continued to grow. In general， China’s marine fisheries were in a partly carbon neutral state， but the net carbon emissions of marine fisheries had decreased rapidly after 2015， and the overall trend was good. In addition， China’s marine fishery carbon emissions and carbon sinks showed obvious regional differences. The path of healthy and sustainable development should be followed according to specific conditions. Finally， the countermeasures and suggestions were put forward in terms of reducing emissions and increasing sinks to provide references for the low-carbon development of China’s marine fisheries.

Key words: marine fisheries, carbon emissions, carbon sinks, carbon neutrality

中图分类号:

S9-0

关洪军, 陈玉环, 赵爱武. 中国海洋渔业碳中和能力评估[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(4): 215-224.

Hongjun GUAN, Yuhuan CHEN, Aiwu ZHAO. Assessment of Carbon Neutrality Capacity of China’s Marine Fisheries[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(4): 215-224.

图/表 11

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种类Specie	干湿重转换系数Dry weight/wet weight/%	质量比重Proportion of weight/%		碳含量Carbon content/%		参考文献Reference
种类Specie	干湿重转换系数Dry weight/wet weight/%	软组织Soft tissue	贝壳Shell	软组织Soft tissue	贝壳Shell	参考文献Reference
蛤Clam	52.55	1.98	98.02	44.90	11.52	［20‑21］
扇贝Scallop	63.89	14.35	85.65	42.84	11.40	［20‑21］
牡蛎Oyster	65.10	6.14	93.86	45.98	12.68	［20‑21］
贻贝Mussel	75.28	8.47	91.53	44.40	11.76	［20‑21］
其他贝类Other shellfishs	64.21	11.41	88.59	43.87	11.44	［20‑21］
海带Kelp	20.00	100.00		31.20		［22‑23］
裙带菜Wakame	20.00	100.00		26.40		［22，24］
紫菜Laver	20.00	100.00		27.39		［21‑22］
江蓠Gracilaria	20.00	100.00		20.60		［22‑23］
其他藻类Other algaes	20.00	100.00		27.76		［22，24］

种类Specie	干湿重转换系数Dry weight/wet weight/%	质量比重Proportion of weight/%		碳含量Carbon content/%		参考文献Reference
种类Specie	干湿重转换系数Dry weight/wet weight/%	软组织Soft tissue	贝壳Shell	软组织Soft tissue	贝壳Shell	参考文献Reference
蛤Clam	52.55	1.98	98.02	44.90	11.52	［20‑21］
扇贝Scallop	63.89	14.35	85.65	42.84	11.40	［20‑21］
牡蛎Oyster	65.10	6.14	93.86	45.98	12.68	［20‑21］
贻贝Mussel	75.28	8.47	91.53	44.40	11.76	［20‑21］
其他贝类Other shellfishs	64.21	11.41	88.59	43.87	11.44	［20‑21］
海带Kelp	20.00	100.00		31.20		［22‑23］
裙带菜Wakame	20.00	100.00		26.40		［22，24］
紫菜Laver	20.00	100.00		27.39		［21‑22］
江蓠Gracilaria	20.00	100.00		20.60		［22‑23］
其他藻类Other algaes	20.00	100.00		27.76		［22，24］

地区Region	省市Province	年份Year
地区Region	省市Province	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
北部海洋经济圈 Northern marine economic circle	天津Tianjin	1.48	1.67	2.10	1.97	1.85	2.06	2.15	2.15	2.03	2.00
	河北Hebei	9.26	9.13	7.95	8.40	8.52	8.81	7.65	7.05	7.44	8.53
	辽宁Liaoning	24.36	21.32	20.03	17.80	17.31	21.79	15.50	14.37	18.73	13.94
	山东Shandong	17.45	19.06	14.75	16.80	16.88	17.04	17.37	12.85	8.85	8.88
	合计Total	52.55	51.18	44.83	44.96	44.56	49.70	42.67	36.42	37.05	33.34
东部海洋经济圈 Eastern marine economic circle	上海Shanghai	5.56	5.64	5.65	5.41	5.70	5.65	5.27	5.22	5.36	5.13
	江苏Jiangsu	13.33	15.42	15.66	14.77	14.84	17.14	16.82	17.59	17.20	16.05
	浙江Zhejiang	123.50	124.99	129.19	129.12	130.09	129.40	128.40	119.12	119.07	118.61
	合计Total	142.40	146.06	150.51	149.30	150.63	152.19	150.49	141.93	141.64	139.78
南部海洋经济圈 Southern marine economic circle	福建Fujian	27.76	27.76	26.80	30.86	31.97	34.34	30.62	26.05	23.20	20.84
	广东Guangdong	59.93	59.60	59.47	59.40	59.78	58.39	56.79	55.06	50.65	48.62
	广西Guangxi	23.93	22.31	19.40	19.15	18.71	17.60	18.19	17.54	16.99	16.61
	海南Hainan	41.72	43.19	43.40	44.22	49.70	50.73	52.18	51.21	50.26	48.33
	合计Total	153.33	152.86	149.06	153.64	160.16	161.06	157.78	149.85	141.11	134.41

地区Region	省市Province	年份Year
地区Region	省市Province	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019
北部海洋经济圈 Northern marine economic circle	天津Tianjin	1.48	1.67	2.10	1.97	1.85	2.06	2.15	2.15	2.03	2.00
	河北Hebei	9.26	9.13	7.95	8.40	8.52	8.81	7.65	7.05	7.44	8.53
	辽宁Liaoning	24.36	21.32	20.03	17.80	17.31	21.79	15.50	14.37	18.73	13.94
	山东Shandong	17.45	19.06	14.75	16.80	16.88	17.04	17.37	12.85	8.85	8.88
	合计Total	52.55	51.18	44.83	44.96	44.56	49.70	42.67	36.42	37.05	33.34
东部海洋经济圈 Eastern marine economic circle	上海Shanghai	5.56	5.64	5.65	5.41	5.70	5.65	5.27	5.22	5.36	5.13
	江苏Jiangsu	13.33	15.42	15.66	14.77	14.84	17.14	16.82	17.59	17.20	16.05
	浙江Zhejiang	123.50	124.99	129.19	129.12	130.09	129.40	128.40	119.12	119.07	118.61
	合计Total	142.40	146.06	150.51	149.30	150.63	152.19	150.49	141.93	141.64	139.78
南部海洋经济圈 Southern marine economic circle	福建Fujian	27.76	27.76	26.80	30.86	31.97	34.34	30.62	26.05	23.20	20.84
	广东Guangdong	59.93	59.60	59.47	59.40	59.78	58.39	56.79	55.06	50.65	48.62
	广西Guangxi	23.93	22.31	19.40	19.15	18.71	17.60	18.19	17.54	16.99	16.61
	海南Hainan	41.72	43.19	43.40	44.22	49.70	50.73	52.18	51.21	50.26	48.33
	合计Total	153.33	152.86	149.06	153.64	160.16	161.06	157.78	149.85	141.11	134.41

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