植物根系分泌物响应镉胁迫的研究进展

doi:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2022.0619

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工农业的飞速发展及废弃物的随意丢弃和排放，引起了农田土壤严重的重金属污染，镉污染是比较严重的重金属污染之一。超积累植物原位修复技术是目前修复镉等重金属污染的主要手段。根系是植物最先与镉等重金属接触的部位，根系分泌物作为植物-土壤-微生物三者物质交换与信息传递的重要载体，能够有效调控根际微环境，影响重金属在根际环境中的行为，进而影响植物对重金属的吸收转运和生长发育。简述了镉胁迫对植物生长发育的影响，分析了不同类型根系分泌物对土壤镉胁迫的响应，以及根系分泌物对土壤理化性质、根际微生物、镉的富集转运等的影响，浅析了植物应答镉胁迫的相关基因表达和代谢途径，并对土壤镉等重金属污染下根系分泌物的研究趋势进行了展望，以期为探究植物根系分泌物对镉胁迫的响应机制提供科学依据。

关键词: 镉胁迫, 植物修复, 根系分泌物, 耐受性

Abstract:

With the rapid development of industry and agriculture and the the casual discharge of waste， heavy metal pollution has been serious in farmland soil. Cadmium （Cd） pollution is more serious in heavy metal pollution. The technology of in situ remediation by hyperaccumulative plants is the main means to remediate cadmium and other heavy metal pollution. Root is the first part of plants to contact with heavy metals such as Cd. As an important carrier， root exudates can conduct material exchange and energy transfer between plants， soil and microorganisms， and it can effectively regulate the rhizosphere microenvironment， affect the behavior of heavy metals in the rhizosphere environment， ultimately affect the absorption and transport of heavy metals by plants， and then affect the growth and development of plants themselves. This paper briefly described the effects of Cd stress on plant growth and development， analyzed the response of different kinds of root exudates under Cd stress， as well as the effects of root exudates on soil physical and chemical properties， rhizosphere microorganisms， the accumulation and transport of Cd，and analyzed the expression of genes pathways related to cadmium stress. In addition， regarding heavy metal pollution， this paper looked forward to the research trend of root exudates in order to explore the response mechanism of plant root exudates to cadmium stress in the future.

Key words: cadmium stress, plant, root exudates, phytoremediation, tolerance

中图分类号:

S154

吴香, 李娟, 曹艳, 程艳荣, 闫旭宇, 李玲. 植物根系分泌物响应镉胁迫的研究进展[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2023, 25(7): 12-20.

Xiang WU, Juan LI, Yan CAO, Yanrong CHENG, Xuyu YAN, Ling LI. Research Advances on Plant Root Exudates in Response to Cadmium Stress[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2023, 25(7): 12-20.

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